Shannon/Nyquist sampling

Shannon s sampling theorem states that A funetion f t) that has a bandwidth is uniquely determined by a diserete set of sample values provided that the sampling frequeney is greater than 2uj, . The sampling frequeney 2tJb is ealled the Nyquist frequeney. 

For synchronized cultivations, it is further inevitable to satisfy the Nyquist-Shannon theorem, that is, the sampling rate must be at least twice the oscillation frequency - the higher, the better. In the case of CHO cells with an oscillation rate of approximately 15-20 h, this means a sampling rate of 7 h or (much) less, covering multiple cell cycles. This drives the need for (semi)automated, possibly noninvasive, sampling and analysis methods covering population diversity (Figure 4.2). 

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