Senescence catastrophic

The impression that ageing is programmed is strongest in animals that undergo catastrophic senescence. The most famous example is the Pacific salmon, though there are several others, including mayflies, marsupial mice (Antechinus) and the octopus Octopus hummelinckL Pacific salmon hatch... 

In order to inactivate a tumor cell, several distinct yet overlapping pathways may be activated. Besides the induction of pure apoptosis, other cell inactivation modalities, including programmed necrosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, or terminal differentiation, may be triggered (Belka 2006). The influence of a combined modality treatment on any of these end points has never been analyzed in greater detail thus, only very few data are available showing that the combination of paradigmatic radiation sensitizers with radiation quantitatively alters the induction of certain predefined mechanisms of cell death (Fig. 10.7). 

Roninson, I.B., Broude, E.V., and Chang, B.D. (2001). If not apoptosis, then what Treatment-induced senescence and mitotic catastrophe in tumor cells. Drug Resist. Updat. 4, 303-313. 

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