Semiconductors liquid interfaces

Nakato, Y., Photoelectrochemistry at semiconductor/liquid interfaces, in Photocatalysis, Science and Technology, Kaneko, M. and Okura, I. (Eds), Kodansha/Springer, Berlin, 2002, Chap. 4. 

Figure 16.2 depicts the processes considered, including back reactions, but not current doubling. Even if the photocatalytic process is located at the semiconductor-liquid interface [29], it was demonstrated that the dark adsorption constant of the donor does not match the adsorption constant obtained from the fitting of the photocatalytic degradation data against the L-H model [30], The L-H... 

Semiconductor - Metal Junctions Besides the semiconductor-liquid interface, electron-hole separation can be attained also when the couple is generated in the space charge layer of a homo/heterojunction or semiconductor-metal junction. The metal can also act as electrocatalyst (e.g., for reduction of 02, H+ or C02). The development of the proper structure, including arrays of multiple junctions in series to enhance photovoltages and efficiently harvest radiation [53] and/ or the inclusion of suitable electrocatalysts, is crucial. 

Lewis NS (1990) Mechanistic studies of light-induced charge separation at semiconductor/ liquid interfaces. Acc Chem Res 23 176-183... 

Lewis NS (1991) An analysis of charge transfer rate constant for semiconductor-liquid interfaces. Annu Rev Phys Chem 42 541... 

Lewis NS (1997) Progress in understanding electron transfer reaction at semiconductor/liquid interfaces. J Phys Chem B 102 4843-4855... 

Gao YQ, Gerogievskii Y, Marcus RA (2000) On the theory of electron transfer reactions at semiconductor/liquid interfaces. J Chem Phys 112 3358-3369... 

Smith BB, Nozik AJ (1996) Study of electron transfer at semiconductor-liquid interfaces addressing the full system electronic structure. Chem Phys 205 47-72... 

Smith BB, Halley JW, Nozik AJ (1996) On the Marcus model of electron transfer at immiscible liquid interface and its application to the semiconductor liquid interface. Chem Phys 205 245-267... 

Nojik AJ and Memming RJ (1996) Physical chemistry of semiconductor-liquid interfaces. J Phys Chem 100 13061-13078... 

An electron is excited from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) when a molecule in solution absorbs light. The excited electron in the LUMO may transfer to a neighboring molecule (oxidant) in solution, leading to the reduction of the oxidant, whereas the electronic hole (electron vacancy) in the HOMO may transfer to another neighboring molecule (reductant) in solution, resulting in the oxidation of the reductant. Quite similar photoinduced reduction-oxidation processes can occur at the semiconductor/solution (semiconductor/liquid) interface when a semiconductor in solution absorbs light. Fig. 4.1 schematically illustrates the... 

Basic Properties of Semiconductor/Liquid Interface 4.2.1 Band Bending... 

In the presence of a redox system dissolved in the electrolyte, as long as there exists an energy difference between the Fermi level of the semiconductor and the redox couple, to reach the equilibrium conditions charge-carrier transfer occurs across the semiconductor-liquid interface via the energy bands, i.e., the conduction or valence band of the semiconductor. At the equilibrium point, the Fermi level of the redox... 

Hydrogen Generation from Irradiated Semiconductor-Liquid Interfaces... 

Hydrogen Generation from Irradiated Semiconductor-Liquid Interfaces 177 Table 2. Types of coatings for protecting semiconductor surfaces against photocorrosion."... 

Hydrogen Generation from Irradiated Semiconductor-Liquid Interfaces 179 Table 3. Ideal limits for water photoelectrolysis efficiencies as estimated by various authors. 

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