Self-humidifying composite electrolytes

Another class of inorganic/organic composite membranes, called self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membranes, have been developed,  

In order to avoid a short circuit after incorporating Pt or Pt/C particles, another type of self-humidifying membrane has recently been developed. This is a thin double-layer composite membrane consisting of one layer of Pt/C catalyst-dispersed Nafion and another layer of recast Nafion . Researchers have also developed three-layered membrane structures to resolve this problem. Yang et reported that, with dry H2 and O2, the composite membrane showed about 90% of the performance obtained with the humidified reactant under similar conditions. However, the fabrication processes for these membranes are too complex for widespread use. 

The performance of cells using self-humidifying composite membranes has improved considerably compared with that of composite membranes without self-assembled Pt nanoparticles. However, the performance of self-humidifying composite membranes without external humidification is stiU inferior to that of cells with external humidification. At a current density of 900 mA/cm cell potential with external humidification at 80 °C was found 

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