Self-heating liquid, organic

Resin Solution, flammable 1866 26 Self-Heating Liquid, organic, n.o.s. 3183 37... 

Refrigeratiitg Machines, containing non-flammable, non-poisonous, liquefied gas Refrigerating Machines, containing 2857 21 organic, n.o.s. Self-Heating Liquid, inorganic, corrosive, n.o.s. ... 

Figure 3.9 The Benard cells in a flat vessel of liquid (A) a schematic of the cell formation due to the self-organized convection of a heated liquid, and (B) the top view of the cells. The convective vertical downstream is centered in the hexagons.

It will, thus, be necessary here for us to confirm a posteriori, with reference to some concrete example, the validity of the linear approximation of the selfheating process or curve, in the early stages, of 2 cm of a chemical of the TD type charged in the open-cup cell, or confined in the closed cell, in accordance with the self-heating property of the chemical, and subjected to the adiabatic self-heating test started from a 7. The confirmation illustrated below is performed with reference to the experimental data which are determined for the ten organic liquid peroxides and are listed in Table 8 in Subsection 5.7.1. 

And lastly, let us assume that, at the time when the adiabatic self-heating test was started from a T, of 60 °C for 2 cm of an organic liquid peroxide charged... 

It is also of course possible to calculate the A for an arbitrary volume of a liquid confined in an arbitrary closed container and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions by applying the reduced form of the Semenov equation. It is, however, required in such a case to obtain both the heat generation data and the heat transfer data of the liquid under confined conditions. In this connection, the adiabatic self-heating tests were performed, in the present chapter, at atmospheric pressure for nine organic liquid peroxides, other than DTBP, respectively, because these nine peroxides are not very volatile or do not decompose to evolve corrosive and/or toxic gases while tested, respectively. 

The adiabatic self-heating tests for the nine organic liquid peroxides, other than TBPB, were also performed in the same manner as done for TBPB, respectively. 

It is possible to see roughly from Fig. 55 the relative liability of these organic liquid peroxides to self-heating or ultimate thermal explosion. That is, we can tell that THPN and TBPD are relatively easy to explode thermally, but TBPB and DTBP are relatively hard to do so. In this regard, TPIC and TBPC are medium in the liability to theimal explosion. 

The result of the above calculation suggests that the condition, UKK A, may hold for 400 cm each of average organic powdery chemicals of the TD type charged each in the 500 cm Dewar flask used in the BAM test and placed each in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions as well and therefore, the spatially uniform distribution of internal temperature may be effected in each of them in the early stages of the self-heating process, with the result that each of them may take the same values of qj and Tuq - Tset-up) as 400 cm of a liquid charged in the Dewar flask and placed in the atmosphere under isothermal conditions (For matters relevant to this subject, refer to Subsection 5.5.1). 

Physical hazard A chemical that is classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects explosive flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids) oxidizer (liquid, solid, or gas) self-reactive pyrophoric (liquid or solid) self-heating organic peroxide corrosive to metal gas under pressure or in contact with water emits flammable gas. 

Thermal runaway and battery fires are the main obstacle for the application of Li-ion batteries to electric vehicles, due in particular to the flammability of the organic liquids. Therefore, many efforts have been made to find fire retardant additives aiming at reducing the self-heat rate (SHR) and delaying the onset of thermal runaway. 

ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE F. liquid 3124 34 TOXIC SOLID, self-heating, n.o.s. 

ORGANIC PEROXIDE TYPE D. liquid, temperature controlled 3127 47 SELF-HEATING SOLID, oxidizing, n.o.s. 

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