Selenium film electrode

Gissler W (1980) Photoelectrochemical investigation on trigonal selenium film electrodes. J Electrochem Soc 127 1713-1716... 

Zaitsev, N. K., Osipova, E. A., Fedulov, D. M., Eremenko, E. A. and Dedov, A. G. (2006), Determination of selenium(IV) by cathodic stripping voltammetry using a copper-modified mercury-film electrode modified with copper. J. Anal. Chem., 61(1) 77-83. 

GLO/LOM] Globa, A. V., Lomakina, T. P., Sklyarov, V. I., Electrode potential of selenium films in alkaline solutions, Elektrokhimiya, 22, (1986), 1107-1108, in Russian, English translation in [86GLO/LOM2]. Cited on pages 151, 564. 

For some special applications as for instance electrode coating of oscillating quartz crystals, deposition of selenium films for electrical metal rectifiers and for dry copying systems, and for coating of a decorative incandescent lamps, special plants are fabricated. Fig. 67 shows such a lamp bulb coating unit. 

Pinilla Gil E, Ostapczuk P (1994) Potentiometric stripping determination of mercury (II), selenium (fV), copper (II) and lead (II) at a gold film electrode in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 293 55-65... 

Dilution with water reverses the reaction, and heating the solution Hberates sulfur dioxide. Upon being added to a solution of teUurides, teUurium forms colored polyteUurides. Unlike selenium, teUurium is not soluble in aqueous sodium sulfite. This difference offers a method of separating the two elements. Like selenium, teUurium is soluble in hot alkaline solutions except for ammonium hydroxide solutions. Cooling reverses the reaction. Because teUurium forms solutions of anions, Te , and cations, Te" ", teUurium films can be deposited on inert electrodes of either sign. 

Ion-exchange reactions were used for the accumulation of europium(III) [158] and iron(III) [159] ions on the surface of GCE coated with Nafion , and chromium(VI) ions on the surface of GCE covered by a pyridine-functionalized sol-gel film [160], which were combined with the stripping SWV Furthermore, a cathodic stripping SWV was used for the determination of sulfide [161,162], thiols [163-166], selenium(lV) [167-170], halides [171-173] and arsenic [174] accumulated on the snrface of mercury electrode. 

The coating chamber was equipped with a set of independently controlled stainless steel boats and a shutter system to enable the fabrication of multilayer structures. Pure selenium pellets were loaded into one boat and As Sei alloys into another. The two sources were evaporated sequentially (without breaking the vacuum) at boat temperatures of about 450 K. Typical coating rates were l j,m/min. After evaporation, they were allowed to anneal over several weeks in the dark at room temperature. During this period, due to structural bulk relaxation, most physical properties of the photoconductor film become stabilized. The compositions of the deposited films were determined by electron probe microanalysis, and the compositions quoted (0 < X < 0.20) are accurate to within 0.5 at.%. By shuttering the beginning and the end of the evaporation, a uniform arsenic composition across the film thickness can be obtained. In all experiments, a transparent gold electrode ( 300 jm thick) was used as the top contact. 

I he phouivoliaic cell consists of a flat copper or iron electrode on which is deposited a layer of semiconducting material, such as selenium (see Tigure 7-28). The outer surface of the semiconductor is coaled wilh a thin transparent metallic film of gold or silver, which serves... 

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