Selective oxidation of glycerol

Table 3. Selective oxidation of glycerol using l%Au/C catalyst prepared via sol immobilisation.

The importance of size control has been depicted for the selective oxidation of glycerol it was shown that by increasing particle size a high selectivity to glycerate has been reached at the expense of the consecutive oxidation of glycerate to tartronate. 

S. Carrettin, P. McMom, P. Johnston, K. Griffin, and G. J. Hutchings, Selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid using a gold catalyst in aqueous sodium hydroxide, Chem. Commun. 7, 696-697 (2002). 

Hutchings and coworkers demonstrated, that in the selective oxidation of glycerol the selectivity to glyceric acid was 100% at a conversion of 50% but gradually decreased to 86% at 72% conversion under 0.3 MPa of 02 at 333 K over Au/AC in the presence of an equimolar amount of NaOH [169, 179-181]. More than an equimolar amount of NaOH was necessary to promote the reaction the reaction did not occur without base. 

Kimura H, Tsuto K, Wakisaka T, Kazumi Y, Inaya Y. Selective oxidation of glycerol on a platinum-bismuth catalyst. Appl Catal A Gen. 1993 96 217-28. 

Porta F, Prati L. Selective oxidation of glycerol to sodium glycerate with gold-on-carbon catalyst an insight into reaction selectivity. J Catal. 2004 224 397-403. 

Single-phase bimetallic system for the selective oxidation of glycerol to glycerate... 

Au-Pd bimetallic systems on carbon, (Pd Au)/C (1) and Pd Au/C (2), have been prepared by using metallic colloidal solutions, following two different procedures. The total metal loading was l%wt and Au/Pd molar ratio 6/4. The catalytic activities have been studied and compared in the selective oxidation of glycerol to glycerate, in basic medium. 

Hirasawa S, Nakagawa Y, Tomishige K (2012) Selective oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxy-acetone over Pd-Ag catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2 1150-1152... 

Hirasawa S, Watanabe H, Kizuka T, Nakagawa Y, Tomishige K (2013) Performance, structure and mechanism of Pd-Ag alloy catalyst for selective oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyace-tone. J Catal 300 205-216... 

Bianchi CL, Canton P, Dimitratos N, Porta E, Prati L (2005) Selective oxidation of glycerol with oxygen using mono and bimetallic catalysts based on Au, Pd and Pt metals. Catal Today 102 203-212... 

The transformation of glycerol by means of catalytic oxidation has been investigated for many years. The selective oxidation of glycerol leads to a broad family of derivatives [100] there is a wide literature on the liquid-phase oxidation with O2, catalyzed by supported Pt/Bi [101-105], and by gold-based catalysts [105b,c, 106]. 

Zope BN, Davis RJ (2009) Influenee of reactor configuration on the selective oxidation of glycerol over Au/TiOj. Top Catal 52 269 277. doi 10.1007/sl 1244-008-9163-3... 

Synthesis of single-phase Au-Pd catalysts exhibited higher activity and reusability than random Au-Pd catalysts in the selective oxidation of glycerol. By comparison, the catalytic performance of Au-Pt and Au-Pd single-phase catalysts in the selective oxidation of various primary alcohols (benzyl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol and 1-octanol), showed that Au-Pd catalysts were far more active than Au-Pt catalysts (Eq. 22.13). A significant improvement in catalytic activity was found when water, instead of toluene, was used as a solvent, with TOF values increasing by a factor of 1.5-6. Moreover, using the same preparation method, they demonstrated... 

Carrettin, S., McMorn, P, lohnston, P, et al., (2002). Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Glyceric Acid using a Gold Catalyst in Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide, Chemical Communications, 7, pp. 696-697. 

Porta, F. and Prati, L. (2004). Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Sodium Glycerate with Gold-On-Carbon Catalyst An Insight into Reaction Selectivity, Journal of Catalysis, 224(2), pp. 397 03. 

Kimura, H.,Tsuto, K., Wakisaka,T., efaZ. (1993). Selective Oxidation of Glycerol on a Platinum Bismuth Catalyst, Appl. Catal A Gen., 96, pp. 217-228. 

Bianchi, C., Canton, P, Dimitratos, N., et al. (2005). Selective Oxidation of Glycerol with Oxygen Using Mono and Bimetalhc Catalysts based on Au, Pd and Pt Metals, Catal. Today, 102, pp. 203-212. 

Wang, D., VUla, A., Porta, R, et al. (2006). Single-Phase BimetaUic System for the Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Glycerate, Chem. Common., 18, pp. 1956-1958. 

Villa, A., Veith, G. and Prati, L. (2010). Selective Oxidation of Glycerol under Acidic Conditions Using Gold Catalysts, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit., 49, pp. 4499 502. 

Selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid using a gold catalyst in aqueous sodium hydroxide. Chemical Communications, (7), 696-697. 

Qi, J., Xin, L., Chadderdon, D.J., Qiu, Y., Jiang, Y., Benipal, N., Liang, C.H., and Li, W.Z. (2014) Electrocatalytic selective oxidation of glycerol to tartronate on Au/ C anode catalysts in anion exchange membrane fuel cells with electricity cogeneration. Applied Catalysis B Environmental, 154, 360-368. 

By a selective oxidation of glycerol, valuable products such as glyceric acid, tartronic acid, or ketomalonic acid can be formed. This reaction is commonly done by using Pd or Pt particles on a carbon support in the presence of dioxygen under basic conditions [215-220]. 

Liang D, Gao J, Wang J, Chen P, Hou Z, Zheng X. Selective oxidation of glycerol in a base-free aqueous solution over different sized Pt catalysts. Catal Commun 2009 10 1586-90. 

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