Selection of Drying Equipment

The overriding consideration in the selection of drying equipment is the nature and concentration of the feed. Drying is an energy-intensive process, and the removal of liquid by thermal drying will be more costly than by mechanical separation techniques. 

Selection of processing equipment and materials Production procedure investigation Development and organization of processing facilities Preliminary processing Preliminary drying... 

Before considering drying as a method of removing solvent from a solid material or selecting specific drying equipment, the material should be tested sufficiently to determine whether it can be dried safely. The tests should measure... 

The aforementioned discussion is intended to provide the specifier of drying equipment some practical factors that should be considered at the stage of selection of the dryer system. Rarely, if ever, is it possible to select a dryer that meets all criteria. In most cases, however, one can modify the dryer system design or operation to meet all the essential specifications of the user. 

The anhydrous salt is prepared by several methods, eg, by reacting ZrCl with liquid anhydrous HP. It is necessary to use an excess of HP which also acts as a wetting agent. The reaction is instantaneous and is carried out in a polyethylene jar or carboy. When the evolution of HCl ceases, the material is transferred to a tray and dried under an atmosphere of nitrogen. By proper selection of equipment, purification of raw material, and drying conditions, materials of spectrographic purity can be produced (4). 

There are many chemicals, by lowering suitable as carriers. Their bp is one of the principal criteria in selection. If bp is too low, the compound will evaporate from the dyebath at dyeing temperatures, and will be lost before it is effective in its role as a carrier. It may also steam distill (condense on the cooler parts of the equipment) and cause drips that will spot the fabric. On the other hand, if the bp is too high, the compound cannot be removed from the fabric under normal plant drying conditions and will affect lightfastness of finished goods, leave residual odor, and possibly cause skin irritation to the wearer. 

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