Segmented cell

Kruhoffer M., Bub A., Cieslak A., Adermann K., et al. (1997). Gene expression of aphrodisin in female hamster genital tract segments. Cell Tissue Res 287, 153-160. 

Hieter, P.A., Max, E.E., Seidman, J.G., Maizel, J.V., Jr., Leder, P. (1980). Cloned human and mouse kappa immunoglobulin constant and J region genes conserve homology in functional segments. Cell 22, 197-207. 

Kehry, M., Ewald, S., Douglas, R., Sibley, C., Raschke, W., Fambrough, D., Hood, L. (1980). The immunoglobulin p chains of membrane-bound and secreted IgM molecules differ in their C-terminal segments. Cell 21,393-406. 

McCormack, W.T., Tjoelker, L.W., Carlson, L.M., Petryniak, B., Barth, C.F., Humphries, E.H., Thompson, C.B. (1989). Chicken lgL gene rearrangement involves deletion of a circular episome and addition of single nonrandom nucleotides to both coding segments. Cell 56,785-791. 

A number of research groups have presented segmented cell approaches and combined them with electrochemical methods, e.g., EIS and MRED (MEA resistance and electrode diffusion). These diagnostic approaches provide direct information on not just the... 

Figure 9. Schematic diagram of the segmented cell approach inside the fuel cell (reprinted from146 Copyright (2006), with permission from Elsevier).

Segmented cells are the most commonly utilized technique in combinatorial cell investigations. Segmented cells that have been used for combined studies of species and current distribution include... 

Onda et al.,18 Lu et al.,19 Liu et al.,20 Brett et al.,111 Tingelof et al.,112 Siroma et al.,114 and Hakenjos et al.125 Additionally, Maranzana et al.134 combined a segmented cell with thermocouples and a transparent cell to correlate current density distribution, current distribution, and water management. 

Current distribution in PEM fuel cell can be determined not only by setting up segmented cells, electrically isolated from each... 

Segmented cells Subcell Suitable for real-time Implementation is... 

Current density distribution along the active area in a fuel cell is a very critical parameter that needs to be understood completely in order to improve the design of each component of a cell. So far, one limitation prevailing in much of the published work regarding segmented cells is the difficulty in producing a similar level of current... 

Fig. 10.1 Pictures for the different designs of SOFCs and the related cross-sectional diagrams (a) electrolyte-supporting planar cell, (b) anode-supported planar cell, (c) tubular cell, (d) segmented cell in-series design.

Figure 9. Proposed segmented cell with disk shaped center trap plate.

Figure 6.42. Picture of the anode configuration for the fourth-generation segmented cell designed by LANL [43], (Reprinted from Journal of Power Sources, 123(2), Bender G, Wilson MS, Zawodzinski TA. Further refinements in the segmented cell approach to diagnosing performance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells, 163-71, 2003, with permission from Elsevier and the authors.)...

Bender G, Wilson MS, Zawodzinski TA (2003) Further refinements in the segmented cell approach to diagnosing performance in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. J Power Sources 123(2) 163-71... 

Sakai, J., Duncan, E. A., Rawson, R., Hua, X., Brown, M. S., and Goldstein, J. L. (1996). Sterol-regulated release of SREBP-2 from cell membranes requires two sequential cleavages, one within a transmembrane segment. Cell 85,1037-1046. 

All-trans retinol then diffuses out of the outer segments (rod or cone) and into the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). The diffusion of all-trans-retinol out of the outer segments and into RPE cells is facilitated by interstitial retinoid binding protein (IRBP), which is localized in the extracellular matrix of the retina (22). IRBP binds all-trans-retinol as it diffuses out of the outer segment cells and is believed to facilitate transport of aM-trans-retinol to the RPE cell. Additionally, RPE cells directly acquire retinol from serum as described earlier. In both cases, retinol in the RPE cell is rapidly esterified by LRAT in a lecithin-dependent mechanism (22). Retinyl esters provide both a mechanism of storage for the RPE cell and/or provide a substrate for the isomerization reaction (22). 

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