Segmental patterning

F24. Frazer, A. C., French, J. M., and Thompson, M. D., Radiographic studies showing induction of a segmentation pattern in the small intestine in normal human subjects. Brit. J. Radiol. 22, 123 (1949). 

Henkemeyer, M. et al. (1994). Immunolocalization of the Nuk receptor tyrosine kinase suggests roles in segmental patterning of the brain and axonogenesis. Oncogene 9, 1001-1014. 

Segmental Patterning and Cell Fate Determination in the Mesoderm... 

Lawrence, P, Bodmer, R., and Vincent, J. (1995). Segmental patterning of heart precursors in Drosophila. Development 727 4303-4308. 

The need for sample zone localisation in mono-segmented flow systems is also relevant for the analysis of gaseous samples. The sample replaces the air bubbles in the mono-segmented pattern, and either the volume contraction [403] or a change in a physico-chemical property of the aqueous sample zone due to the selective analyte sorption [404] can be used as the basis for measurement. 

Kreisler, encodes a member of the Maf oncogenic family of basic domain-leucine zipper transcription factors and is one of the earliest markers of presumptive hindbrain tissue and therefore a prime candidate for controlling segmental patterning. Kreisler is initially expressed in the presumptive r5 territory at 8.0 dpc, followed by expression in r6 (Cordes and Barsh, 1994 Manzanares et al., 1999). Abundant expression is maintained until 9.0 dpc, but soon thereafter declines rapidly in both rhombomeres as segment boundaries are sharpened. 

Couly, G., Le Douarin, N. 1990. Head morphogenesis in embryonic avian chimeras evidence for a segmental pattern in the ectoderm corresponding to the neuromeres. Development 108, 543-558. 

Lumsden, A., Keynes, R. 1989. Segmental patterns of neuronal development in the chick hindbrain. Nature 337, 424 128. 

Sechrist, J., Scherson, T., Bronner-Fraser, M. 1994. Rhombomere rotation reveals that multiple mechanisms contribute to segmental pattern of hindbrain neural crest migration. Development 120,... 

Stern, C.D., Norris, W.E., Bronner-Fraser, M., Carlson, G.J., Faissner, A., Keynes, R.J. and Schachner, M. (1989) Jl/tenascin-related molecules are not responsible for the segmented pattern of neural crest cells or motor axons in the chick embryo. Development 107 309-319. 

The blastoderm comprises two layers of cell, the upper layer or epiblast known as the ectoderm, and the lower layer or hypoblast known as the endoderm (Fig. 12.3fl). Gastrulation begins with the formation of the middle layer, known as the mesoderm, and it is from blocks of mesoderm that the somites arise and the segmentation pattern is developed. Segmentation... 

Moreno, T. A., and C. Kintner. 2004. Regulation of Segmental Patterning by Retinoic Acid Signaling During Xenopus Somitogenesis. Dev Cell 6, no 2 205-18. 

Papalopulu, N, Clarke, J D. W., Bradley, L, Wilkinson, D., Krumlauf, R, and Holder, N. (1991) Retinoic acid causes abnormal development and segmental patterning of the anterior hindbrain in Xenopus embryos. Development 113, 1145-1158. 

Fig. 4.16. Liver cast of an organ showing different abnormalities. The portal vein trifurcates rather than bifurcates. The right hepatic vein (RHV) is hypoplastic and the middle hepatic vein (MHV) is hypertrophic. Despite the variations, the different abnormalities can be reconciled with the usual segmental pattern, with segments of different sizes...

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