Sedation loxapine

Sedation is usually dose-dependent and may not be experienced at low doses where loxapine may function as an atypical antipsychotic (e.g., <50 mg/day especially 5-25 mg/day)... 

Clinical signs of toxicity most frequently seen include sedation, coma, seizures, extrapyramidal effects, and rarely hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias. Coma and seizures may develop rapidly following an exposure to loxapine. Cardiac effects include prolonged QRS, Q-T intervals, and mild hypotension however, the cardiac effects are less pronounced than those associated with tricyclic antidepressants. Anticholinergic effects, including dry mouth, blurred vision, and tachycardia, have been seen. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome has been reported after therapeutic use and acute intoxication. Hypokalemia has also been noted. 

Loxapine (10 mg b.i.d.) is indicated for the treatment of psychotic disorders. It exerts its antipsychotic effects in part by blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors. It causes moderate sedation, possesses anticholinergic properties, and produces extensive movement disorders such as akathi-sia, dystonia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. 

Loxapine is absorbed rapidly and completely from the GI tract. Sedation occurs in 30 minutes. Loxapine is distributed widely into the body, including breast milk. Peak effect occurs at 11/2 to 3 hours steady-state serum level is achieved within 3 to 4 days. The drug is 91 to 99% protein bound. 

Loxapine (Loxitane) i( II Psychoses. Less sedative and hypotensive effects than chlorpromazine. Similar extrapyramidal effects. Sedation lasts for up to 12 hours. 

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