Second dependence

C 2 - VECTOR OF TRUE VALUES OF SECOND DEPENDENT VARIAL0E C... 

At the lowest level, the aetwork is the physical medium that connects the various pieces of equipmeat. This can be copper wire, often known as Ethernet, or optical fiber, ie, fiber-distributed data iaterface (EDDI). Networks allow transmission of data at nominal speeds of 10 to 100 megabits per second, depending on the physical medium used. 

With normal interrupting devices the fault current would last for only a few cycles (maximum up to one or three seconds, depending upon the system design). This time is too short to allow heat dissipation from the conductor through radiation or convection. The total heat generated on a fault will thus be absorbed by the conductor itself. 

Fig. 8-1. The number of collisions per second depends upon concentration.

The magnitude on the left is the heat absorbed in the isothermal change, and of the two expressions on the right the first is dependent only on the initial and final states, and may be called the compensated heat, whilst the second depends on the path, is always negative, except in the limiting case of reversibility, and may be called the uncompensated heat. From (3) we can derive the necessary and sufficient condition of equilibrium in a system at constant temperature. 

The first term is related to the (surface weighted) average size, whereas the second is a function of the microstrains. The first term is the same for all peaks, whereas the second depends on the interplanar spacing, "d", of the diffraction planes, and is proportional to 1/d. The... 

The electrical conduction in a solution, which is expressed in terms of the electric charge passing across a certain section of the solution per second, depends on (i) the number of ions in the solution (ii) the charge on each ion (which is a multiple of the electronic charge) and (iii) the velocity of the ions under the applied field. When equivalent conductances are considered at infinite dilution, the effects of the first and second factors become equal for all solutions. However, the velocities of the ions, which depend on their size and the viscosity of the solution, may be different. For each ion, the ionic conductance has a constant value at a fixed temperature and is the same no matter of which electrolytes it constitutes a part. It is expressed in ohnT1 cm-2 and is directly proportional to the mobilities or speeds of the ions. If for a uni-univalent electrolyte the ionic mobilities of the cations and anions are denoted, respectively, by U+ and U, the following relationships hold ... 

The key to the discounted cash flow methods is the determination of a proper interest rate. For this, two factors must be known. One is how much does it cost to obtain money The second is what is a reasonable amount of profit to expect from a plant The first depends on the source of money. This can be corporation earnings, the sale of stock, the issuance of bonds, the selling of assets, or borrowing from some outside source. The second depends on economic conditions. 

Fourier transform mass spectrometry is made possible by the measurement of an AC current produced from the movement of ions within a magnetic field under ultra-high vacuum, commonly referred to as ion cyclotron motion.21 Ion motion, or the frequency of each ion, is recorded to the precision of one thousandth of a Hertz and may last for several seconds, depending on the vacuum conditions. Waveform motion recorded by the mass analyzer is subjected to a Fourier transform to extract ion frequencies that yield the corresponding mass to charge ratios. To a first approximation, motion of a single ion in a magnetic field can be defined by the equation... 

Photopolymerizations were initiated with either ultraviolet or visible blue light of varying intensity (1-150 mW/cm2). In general, the high concentration of double bonds in the system and the multifunctional nature of the monomer (two double bonds per monomer molecules) led to the formation of a highly crosslinked polymer system in a period of a few seconds, depending on the initiation rate. 

The operation time scale of molecular devices [point (iv)] can range from less than picoseconds to seconds, depending on the type of rearrangement (electronic or nuclear) and the nature of the components involved. 

The Sequel is almost the size of a Cadillac SRX. It has a 300-mile range on a refueling of hydrogen and accelerates to 60 mph in less then 10 seconds. Other fuel cell cars have a driving range of 170-250 miles and cover 0-60 mph in 12-16 seconds depending on whether they use a battery. 

A diffusion layer is not formed immediately on turning on the voltage (potential). It takes on the order of several seconds, depending on agitation. One consequence of pulse plating is to avoid buildup of the layer. 

Reactions with other oxides are similar in nature. The rate of burning varies from one second to ten seconds depending upon the proportions of the fuel and oxidizer. 

The time duration of the excitation (7) may range from millimicroseconds to seconds, depending upon the particular information desired. In the case of short bursts of energy, a steady state is usually not established. Thus, the emissions following the pulse represent nonsteady-state->steady-state relaxations. As one might expect, the time dependencies of the emissions in this case are dependent upon the width of the pulse. 

Limits of detectability for the desired elemental analyses vary depending upon the matrix, elements, methods of sample preparation, and quality of instrumentation applied. Generally, these are on the order of 1 to 100 parts per million. The limit of detectability, however, is only one criterion in evaluating methods of analysis. The liiue of analysis is important, particularly in production and process control laboratories, in multi element spectrometers, it is possible to perform as many as 30 simultaneous elemental determinations in from 20 to 120 seconds, depending upon the material being analyzed. 

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