Seam curvature

Yarkony DR (2005) On the connectivity of seams of conical intersection seam curvature. J Chem Phys 123 204101... 

Cylindrical sections are usually made up from plate sections rolled to the required curvature. The sections (strakes) are made as large as is practicable to reduce the number of welds required. The longitudinal welded seams are offset to avoid a conjunction of welds at the comers of the plates. 

The nondifferentiability of these surfaces at the seams of interpenetrating spheres as well as the local nondifferentiability of solvent accessible surfaces or union surfaces, are a technical disadvantage. Local nondifferentiability limits the application of the shape group methods in their original form that requires second derivatives for curvature analysis. For example, at every point r of a VDWS where two or more atomic spheres interpenetrate one another, the surface is not smooth and is not differentiable. For such nondifferentiable molecular surfaces, alternative shape descriptors and shape codes have been introduced. 

Longitudinal Seams To check this particular concern, take a 3 foot (0.9 meter) long template cut to the calculated arc of tank wall and center it horizontally across the weld. Hold it tight against the steel and measure the maximum clearance between the curvature of the template and the curvature of the tank wall, if the clearance is greater than Vs" (3.2 mm) then the weld is too high or has caused excessive distortion, and necessary corrections are to be made. 

In the coal-rock stratum creep simulation process, the coal seam roof and floor strata in the geologic structure area where the curvature is greater (like synclinal and anticline axis area and coal thickness mutation area, etc) are very prone to appear horizontal stress concentration, in the geologic structure area the coal horizontal stress shows vertical laminar distribution obviously, the coal seam horizontal stress gradient distribution is more obvious, this is also to some extent explains the phenomenon that coal seam appears layered damage and ejection outward in the process of coal and gas outburst. 

Remove dents that affect the pipe curvature at the pipe seam or at any girth weld. Remove dents that exceed 7.5% of the nominal pipe diameter. 

Paterson MJ, Bearpark MJ, Robb MA, Blancafort L (2004) The curvature of the conictil intersection seam an approximate second-order analysis. J Chem Phys 121 11562... 

Paterson, M. J., Bearpark, M. J., Robb, M. A., Blancafort, L. (2004). The curvature of the conical intersection seam An approximate second-order analysis. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 121,11562-11571. 

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