Schematics catalyst regeneration process

Periodic catalyst regeneration or carbon burn off is required to maintain the activity of the catalyst. Typical cycle time is reported to be at least 8 hr, with 7 hr of process time and 1 hr of regeneration time. For continuous operation, various furnace modules can be operated such that, for example, seven operate in the process mode while one is in the regeneration mode. Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a STAR process unit. ... 

In 1972, Field, Koros, and Noyes (FKN group investigated the kinetic details which characterized the entire aspects of BZ reaction, illuminating the essential constiments of reaction and their roles in oscillations [31, 53]. The kinetic model composed three consecutive reaction processes as, (A), (B), and (C). The process A is a fast reaction step, the process (B) is an autocatalytic set of reaction, and C is the process where (Br ) ions are consumed. The oxidation of metal catalyst ions has also been taken place in the processes (A) and (B), respectively. A recovery step (process C) involves for the reduction of metal catalysts and regenerates the necessary reactant (Br ) ions for re-initiating the oscillatory-phase reaction from beginning. A schematic model for description of the chemistry of BZ reaction is shown in Fig. 1.3. 

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