Schematic models

Schematic model of AgCI showing difference between bulk and surface atoms of silver. Silver and chloride ions are not shown to scale.

Schematic model of the solid-solution interface at a particle of AgCI in a solution containing excess AgNOa.

As a result, leather is made up of interlaced bundles of coUagen fibers (Fig. 1). A schematic model of coUagen bundles in leather is shown in Figure 2 (4). A coUagen bundle (about 80 )Tm in diameter) is made up of coUagen fibers (1—4 pm), composed of microfibrils (0.08—0.1 pm). Furthermore, a microfibril consists of many protofibrils (about 1.5 nm), which consist of several bundles of polypeptide chains. 

Fig. 2. Schematic model of coUagen fiber bundle in natural leather.

Fig. 2. Schematic models of a plug flow electrochemical reactor (PFER) and a stirred tank electrochemical reactor (STER).

Figure 9.2 Schematic model for transcriptional activation. The TATA box-binding protein, which bends the DNA upon binding to the TATA box, binds to RNA polymerase and a number of associated proteins to form the preinitiation complex. This complex interacts with different specific transcription factors that bind to promoter proximal elements and enhancer elements.

Fig. 11. Schematic models for the structure of A, graphitising carbons, and B, non-graphitising carbons [104].

Fig. 15. A schematic model illustrating the concepts of basic structural unit, BSU, and local molecular ordering, LMO [c.g., 116].

Fig. 17. Schematic models for a single-wall carbon nanotubes with the nanotube axis normal to (a) the 6 = 30° direction (an armchair (n, n) nanotube), (b) the 0 = 0°...

Develop a schematic model with fiber springs and matrix springs in which the actual surrounding of the fiber with matrix material is taken into account, i.e., for a cross section such as that with the dimension lamina thickness in Figure 3-2, except make the fiber cross section square instead of round. 

The schematic model is depicted in Fig. 8. As the bias voltage increases, the number of the molecular orbitals available for conduction also increases (Fig. 8) and it results in the step-wise increase in the current. It was also found that the conductance peak plotted vs. the bias voltage decreases and broadens with increasing temperature to ca. 1 K. This fact supports the idea that transport of carriers from one electrode to another can take place through one molecular orbital delocalising over whole length of the CNT, or at least the distance between two electrodes (140 nm). In other words, individual CNTs work as coherent quantum wires. 

The methods presented above give upper estimates of blast parameters. Since the measured blast parameters of actual pressure-vessel bursts vary widely, even under well-controlled conditions, and since these methods are based on a highly schematized model, the blast parameters of actual bursts may be much lower. 

Figure 9. Schematic model of the film-formation mechanism on/in graphite (a) the situation before reaction (b) formation of ternary lithiated graphite Lir(solv)vC , (c) film formation due to decomposition of Li t(solv)v. Prepared with data from Ref. [155],...

Figure 10. Schematic model showing the influence of the thickness of a graphite flake on the extent of co-intercalation of solvent molecules in the internal van der Waals gaps of graphite, (a) Thick graphite flakes (b) thin graphite flakes. Prepared with data from Ref. [169].

Figure 12. Top Schematic model showing the mechanism of lithium storage in hydrogen containing carbons as proposed in Ref. [2471. Below Schematic charge/discharge curve of a hydrogen containing carbon.

Fig. 14. Schematic model of combustion zone of double-base propellants (HI2).

Fig. 17—Schematic model for the star-shaped Qo-Pst L-B film of monolayer, (a) Forward direction, (b) reverse direction.

The schematic model of the film deposited by the technique is shown in Figure 45. A single-stranded DNA layer is sandwiched between two aliphatic amine monolayers. Thus, the technique can be useful for our objectives, for it allows depisition of single-stranded DNA on practically any substrate and does not demand a large quantity of DNA, since only one monolayer will be deposited. Nevertheless, there is a question of whether DNA in such a structure will hybridize. In fact, the film contains a single-stfanded DNA monolayer between two amine monolayers, and it is questionable whether the upper amine monolayer will prevent hybridization with complementary DNA stfands. 

Figure 39-15. The leucine zipper motif. A shows a helical wheel analysis of a carboxyl terminal portion of the DNA binding protein C/EBP. The amino acid sequence is displayed end-to-end down the axis of a schematic a-helix. The helical wheel consists of seven spokes that correspond to the seven amino acids that comprise every two turns of the a-helix. Note that leucine residues (L) occur at every seventh position. Other proteins with "leucine zippers" have a similar helical wheel pattern. B is a schematic model of the DNA binding domain of C/EBP. Two identical C/EBP polypeptide chains are held in dimer formation by the leucine zipper domain of each polypeptide (denoted by the rectangles and attached ovals). This association is apparently required to hold the DNA binding domains of each polypeptide (the shaded rectangles) in the proper conformation for DNA binding. (Courtesy ofS McKnight)...

Figure 1. A schematic model of a short sequence of the pectin backbone including a-D-Galactopyranuronic Acid, Methyl a-D-Galactop3mianosiduronate and a-D-Galacto-pyranosiduronamide.

Figure 1.123. Schematic model for the formations of the Te-type and Se-type epithermal gold depositions in the fossil geothermal system. Reference Henley and Ellis (1983) (Shikazono et al., 1990).

Figure 5.2 Schematic models of different solid/gas interface structures.

Fig. 10.11. General schematic model for favored approach of alkenes to 1-arenesulfonylprolinate catalysts (right) and B3LYP/6-31G /LANL2DZ computational model of preferred approach of propene to l-carbomethoxyprop-2-enylidene complex with Rh2(l-benzenesulfonylprolinate)2(isobutyrate)2 (left). Reproduced from J. Am. Chem. Soc.. 125, 15902 (2003), by permission of the American Chemical Society.

Figure 8.10 STM images showing coexisting c(2 x 2)/(a) and phenyl adsorbates at a Cu(110) surface, (a) After 180L Phi, Vs= -2.88 V, 7-r=1.41nA note the offset between the maxima in the iodine lattice either side of the phenyl chain showing that the phenyl groups are situated in a grain boundary in the iodine lattice, (b) 3D representation of (a) showing clearly the 1(a) maxima, (c) Schematic model of the coexisting iodine and phenyl lattices. (Reproduced from Ref. 28).

Figure 5. A schematic model for the structure in TEOS-PTMO hybrid systems, (A) PTMO chain, (B) linear species based on partially condensed TEOS, (C) cluster formed by highly condensed TEOS. 1/s corresponds to the correlation length observed in SAXS profiles.

FIG. 5. The level of cdc2 activity determines whether a progenitor divides, divides symmetrically or divides asymmetrically. A schematic model is shown. 

Figure 24 Schematic model of passive diffusion of molecular species of a weak base through the transcellular and paracellular routes of a cell monolayer cultured on a filter support.

Figure 13 Schematic model for moisture uptakes in porous materials.

Figure 3.9 STM images of same area before and after adsorption of methanol on reduced Ti02(l 1 0) at 300 K (Vt = 1.0 0.3 V and /t = <0.1 nA) (a) bare surface (b) after 80s exposure to methanol (c) after 110 s exposure to methanol (d) taken on (c) after spontaneous tip change (e) after high bias (3.0V) sweep of (c) (f) schematic model of the adsorption...

Figure 3.16 Two series of STM images of 37nm x27nm continuously taken at RT under a nominal CO pressure of 1 x 10 8Torr for clean (a-d) and C-containing (e-g) Ag(l 1 0) (2 x l)-0 surfaces (/, = 0.2 nA, V tip=1.4V). Schematic models ofthe regions are also shown for (a-d). (h) Titration curves obtained for both clean (red solid circles) and C-containing...

Figure 8.12 64A x 69A STM images of a TiOjfl 1 0) surface recorded at 400 K with Ob-vacs present, (a) and (b) are sequential images recorded 2 min apart. The Ti5C rows appear red and the Ob rows appear blue. A schematic model of the surface is shown to scale above parts of the image in (a) and (b). Ti atoms are shown red, and oxygen blue with the Ob rows... 

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