Saturated Alicyclics

Carbocyclic compounds are very usefully divided into (a) saturated (alicyclic) compounds, (b) aromatic compounds and (c) the intermediate partially unsaturated (alicyclic) compounds. Heterocyclic compounds can be subdivided in exactly the same way, and equally usefully. 

Cycloalkanes (ornaphthenes). These are also known as cycloparaffins or saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons." They are quite stable compounds with the general formula with n > 3 for rings without substituent groups. The first two members are... 

Class 2.1 Saturated alicyclic rings attached to aliphatic chains. 

Nature of Ring. So far we have studied the stability of saturated alicyclic rings, but interesting results, though not systematic and uniform have been obtained by introducing heteroatoms, phenyl rings or unsaturation in such compounds. Some of the compounds thus synthesized are ... 

It can also be reasonably concluded that skeletal breakdown during oxidation (cf. above and Figure 20) occurs primarily in the saturated alicyclic structures within the parent molecule. Thus, humic acids contain not only less... 

Carbonyl compounds will be taken in this chapter to mean any organic compound that contains at least one carbon-oxygen double bond where we limit the substitution to only saturated aliphatic, saturated alicyclic and aryl hydrocarbyl groups. Carbonyl compounds with a variety of unsaturated substituents have earlier been discussed within the context of enones4. Non-hydrocarbyl substituents, X , may be directly attached to the carbonyl and elsewhere in the molecule. The first type of species, RCOX, is alternatively identified as acyl derivatives such as carboxylic acids and their esters, halides and amides and have already been discussed in a recent Patai thermochemistry... 

For cyclopentane and larger saturated alicyclic rings, which do not require distortion of the carbon valence angles, several conformations are possible, but far fewer than for the acyclic analogs. The potential barriers between stable conformations in cyclohexane and the slightly larger rings... 

Aromatic-olefinic integrals were measured in the 110-150-ppm shift region. Saturate-alicyclic integrals were measured in the 5-60-ppm shift region. 

Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon... 

Nearly all common mono- and disubstituted acetic acids, including several functionally substituted examples, have been reported to metalate. Unsaturated as well as saturated alicyclic carboxylic acids form dianions, but cyclopropane carboxylic acid is exceptional. Low yields of alkylated products are produced,14,20 suggesting incomplete dianion formation. 

Saturated alicyclic hydrocarbons Typical compound hopane C30H52 structure ... 

Classification Saturated alicyclic amine Empiricai CeHisN Formuia C6H11NH2... 

Chemical Shifts and Coupling Constants of Saturated Alicyclic Hydrocarbons (Sin ppm relative to TMS, J in Hz)... 

Characteristic Spectroscopic Data for Alkanes and Saturated Alicyclics... 

Monocyclic saturated alicyclics see p. C50. Condensed saturated alicyclics see p. C75. 

H-Chemical Shifts (6 in ppm relative to TMS) and Coupling Constants (J in Hz) in Saturated Alicyclics... 

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