Salvia officinalis essential oils from

Perry, N.B., R.E. Anderson, N.J. Brennan, et al. 1999. Essential oils from Dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Variations among individuals, plant parts, seasons, and sites. /. Agric. Food Chem. 47(5) 2048-2054. 

The essential oils produced by certain members of the widespread genus Salvia (Labiatae) are use extensively in the food and cosmetic industries. Examples are Dalmatian sage oil from S. officinalis (used... 

Camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene, is extracted from the woods of Cinnamomum camphora, a tree located in Southeast Asia and North America. Furthermore, it is also one of the major constituents of the essential oil of common sage (Salvia officinalis). Solid camphor forms white, fatty crystals with intensive camphoraceous odor and is used commercially as a moth repellent and preservative in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics (Wichtel, 2002). In dogs, rabbits, and rats, camphor is extensively metabolized whereas the major hydroxylation products of d- and L-camphor were 5-endo-md 5-ex -hydroxycamphor. A small amount was also identified as 3-e do-hydroxycamphor (Figure 8.2). Both 3- and 5-bornane groups can be further reduced to 2,5-bornanedione. Minor biotransformation steps also involve the reduction of camphor to borneol and isoborneol. Interestingly, all hydroxy-lated camphor metabolites are further conjugated in a Phase II reaction with glucuronic acid... 

Raal A, Orav A, Arak E (2007) Composition of the essential oil of Salvia officinalis L. from various European countries. Nat Prod Res 21(5) 406-411... 

The more complicated cyclic carbon skeletons of the bornanes, thujanes and pinanes are also derived from intramolecular cyclization of the linalyl cation. Members of all three families are present in the essential oil of cotrrmon sage (Salvia officinalis) which contains some 75 separate volatile compounds (Santos-Gomes and Fernandes-Ferreira... 

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