Saccharin INDEX

The cryoscopic index is always determined on fresh milk, as it is influenced by the aridity of the milk, by heating it and by the addition of preservative or saccharine substances. 

The index of refraction of saccharine liquids may be determined by the Abbe refractometer (see Essential Oils) the reading is made if posable at... 

Properties Colorless, neutral, mobile liquid aromatic ethereal odor saccharin taste. D 1.174 (17C), bp 57-59C, fp -98C, refr index 1.4166 (20C). Soluble in alcohol, ether, fixed and volatile oils very sparingly soluble in water. Combustible. 

Metabolism studies in laboratory animals, including the rat, indicate that saccharin is not metabolized (Byard and Golberg, 1973 Mathews et al., 1973 Mineglshi et al., 1972). Saccharin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is rapidly excreted by the kidneys. Saccharin does not form covalently bound adducts with DNA in the bladder of the rat in an assay that would have detected one mole of saccharin per 10 moles of DNA phosphate (Lutz and Schlatter, 1977). By contrast, aflatoxln B has a covalent binding index in liver of 10,300 (Lutz, 1979) compared to a value for saccharin in the bladder of less than 0.05 (Lutz and Schlatter, 1977). Saccharin also appears to be nonmutagenic (Cranmer, 1980). 

The analytical methods proposed for acesulfame-K, cyciamate, and saccharin determination in foods, drinks, dietary products, and pharmaceuticals can be grouped into methods for the determination of an individual artificial sweetener [21-27] and multianalyte approaches [28-38], sometimes also including other sweeteners and/or other food additives, such as colorants or preservatives [39-43]. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most frequently used technique for the determination of these sweeteners, and this is selected by international standard methods because of its multianalyte capability, compatibility with the physicochemical properties of sweeteners, high sensitivity, and robustness [44-47]. However, cyciamate requires chemical derivatization to make it detectable by the most commonly employed UV-absorption detector due to a lack of a chromophore, by conversion to dichlorohexylamine for UV detection or to a fluorescence derivative for fluorimetric detection. Another alternative for cyciamate detection is the postcolumn ion-pair extraction where the eluted sweetener is mixed with an appropriate dye (methyl violet or crystal violet), being detected by visible absorption. Furthermore, cyciamate can be detected directly by refractive index [4]. For this, few HPLC methods for the concurrent determination of these sweeteners exist and... 

Toothpaste Sorbitol is used in toothpastes for three reasons as a sweetener, as a humectant, and as an emulsifier. It has a low glycemic index and is safe for teeth (it is not metabolized by oral bacteria), and because of that most toothpastes contain D-sorbitol or glycerin (or both) as humectants. Its sweetness is not as intense as desired by consumers so many producers add saccharin to increase the sweet taste, achieving a final combination that... 

---