S-d exchang

Fischer,K. Magnetic Impurities in Metals the s—d exchange modd (Vol. 54)... 

Figure 5.34 The schematic band splitting of Cdi flVln /re at the r point. Here, x is the concentration of magnetic ions, and (Sz) is the average component of the spin of the magnetic ion along the external field in thez-direction. Noa is the s-d exchange constant, and NqP is the p-d exchange constant. cj+ presents the right circular polarization, and a— presents the left circular polarization. (After Ref [157].)...

Sawicki, M., Dietl, T, Kossut, J., Igalson, J., Wojtowicz,T. and Plesiewicz, W. (1986) Influence of s-d exchange interaction on the conductivity of Cdi- Mn Sedn in the weakly localized regime. Physical Review Letters, 56, 508. 

Ahmad, S., Heat Exchanger Networks Cost Trade-ofFs in Energy and Capital, Ph.D. thesis, UMIST, U.K., 1985. 

Class (2) reactions are performed in the presence of dilute to concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide, powdered potassium hydroxide, or, at elevated temperatures, soHd potassium carbonate, depending on the acidity of the substrate. Alkylations are possible in the presence of concentrated NaOH and a PT catalyst for substrates with conventional pX values up to - 23. This includes many C—H acidic compounds such as fiuorene, phenylacetylene, simple ketones, phenylacetonittile. Furthermore, alkylations of N—H, O—H, S—H, and P—H bonds, and ambident anions are weU known. Other basic phase-transfer reactions are hydrolyses, saponifications, isomerizations, H/D exchange, Michael-type additions, aldol, Darzens, and similar... 

Stereochemical constraints in cyclic sulfones and sulfoxides impart increased weight to strain and conformational factors in the generation of carbanions and their stability, causing distinct differences between the behavior of cyclic and open-chain systems233, due primarily to the prevention of extensive rotation about the C —S bond, which is the major way that achiral carbanions racemize. Study of the a-H/D exchange rate fce and the racemization rate ka may provide information concerning the acidity-stereochemical relationships in optically active cyclic sulfone and sulfoxide systems. 

In these terms, Shatenshtein s partial rate factors (37) for the H—D exchange of monosubstituted benzenes in liquid ammonia are not anomalous (2m). The analysis of this rate data is included in Table XXVIII. Even though the data are not precise enough to meet the desired standard of precision of fits, the sequences > X and P/> p p - P/ are clearly evident in the results. Consequently, this data set (which is of the or type) may be taken as providing supporting evidence with the pyridinium ionization (which is of the gr type) for unique X blends for the positions o- and p- to ionization from the ring position as compared with the X blends for side-chain ionization. 

Osmond, C.B., Smith, S.D., Ben, G.-Y. Sharkey, T.D. (1987). Stem photosynthesis in a desert ephemeral, Eriogonum inflatum characterization of leaf and stem CO2 fixation and HjO vapour exchange under controlled conditions. Oecologia, 72, 542-49. 

Fig. 10. Comparison of VCD spectra of four proteins in H2O (left, amide I + II) and D2O (right, amide V + IF) with dominant secondary structure contributions from G -helix (myoglobin, MYO, top), /3-sheet (immunoglobin, IMUN), both helix and sheet (lactoferrin, LCF) and no structure (o -casein, CAS, bottom). The comparisons emphasize the distinct band shapes developed in the amide I and V for each structural type. Note the reduced S/N in the F O-based spectra and the shape changes upon H/D exchange for helix and sheet (and mixed) structures, but relatively little for the unstructured CAS.

Davis, M.T., Beierle, J., Bures, E.T., McGinley, M.D., Mort, J., Robinson, J.H., Spahr, C.S., Yu, W., Luethy, R., Patterson, S.D. (2001). Automated LC-LC-MS-MS platform using binary ion-exchange and gradient reversed-phase chromatography for improved proteomic analyses. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed Sci. Appl. 752, 281-291. 

Of these products, only compound 50, in which the side chains have a cis orientation, could be considered a potential precursor to a C-/S-D-pentofuranosyl heterocycle. Its formation in small quantities, and the somewhat tedious isolation by ion-exchange chroma-... 

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