Ryanodine effectors

Meissner, G. (1994). Ryanodine receptor/Ca release channels and their regulation by endogenous effectors. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 56,485-508. 

Zucchi. R. et al. (1997) The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca channel/ryanodine receptor modulation by endogenous effectors, drugs and disease states. Pharmacc. Rev.. 49.1-51. 

As already mentioned, calcium is the most important physiological effector of RyR activity (10 1I 23). High-affinity calcium binding sites have been described in matrunalian RyR subtypes (24 25). In addition, calcium regulation of ryanodine binding and channel opening of insect RyR has been reported previously ( II 12 26). 

Besides their importance as potent insecticides, phthalic acid diamides, a new class of allosteric ryanodine receptor effectors, may be used as novel pharmacological tools in the functional and structural characterization of this fascinating ion channel. 

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