RMS length

Protozoa Amoeba proteus Euglena viridis Paramecium caudatum Amorphous Spindle-shaped Slipper-shaped < 600 pm dia 40-65 x 14—20 pm 180-300 /rm length... 

An important quantity in the theory is the root-mean-square (RMS) length of an unperturbed randomly coiled chain, which can be calculated as follows (see fig. 3.6) ... 

Consider a polymer chain with n equivalent links, each of rms length /, for which there is some short-range repulsive interaction... 

Self-diffusion becomes much slower in high-molecular-weight concentrated solutions. A theory for this process has been developed by deGennes. A chain of N monomers in a semidilute or concentrated solution can be represented as a concatenation of blobs of rms length. The chain is constrained in a tube of other chains of length L = (N/g%, where g is the number of monomers per blob. The chain itself has a mean-squared end-to-end length (r = N / g if. 

A polystyrene sample of molecular weight 10 shows an rms end-to-end distance under unperturbed conditions equal to 735 A. In polystyrene Mq = 104 and the length of the carbon-carbon bond along the backbone is 0.154 nm. Use these data to verify the numbers given for this polymer in Table 1.6. 

Micro-scale variables are involved when the particles, droplets, baffles, or fluid chimps are on the order of 100 [Lm or less. In this case, the critical parameters usually are power per unit volume, distribution of power per unit volume between the impeller and the rest of the tanh, rms velocity fluctuation, energy spectra, dissipation length, the smallest micro-scale eddy size for the particular power level, and viscosity of the fluid. 

The diameter of the column is selected from the volume of sample that is to be processed. As a rule of thumb the maximum productivity is obtained at a sample volume of 2-6% of the bed volume in preparative gel filtration on a 50-/rm chromatographic medium (Hagel et al., 1989). Thus, the required column diameter is calculated from the bed volume needed to cope with the sample volume and the column length needed to give the resolution desired. 

LLNL AVLIS Laser. The first WFS measurements using a Na LGS were performed at LLNL (Max et al., 1994 Avicola et al., 1994). These experiments utilized an 1100 W dye laser, developed for atomic vapor laser isotope separation (AVLIS). The wavefront was better than 0.03 wave rms. The dye laser was pumped by 1500 W copper vapor lasers. They are not well suited as a pump for LGSs because of their 26 kHz pulse rate and 32 ns pulse length. The peak intensity at the Na layer, with an atmospheric transmission of 0.6 and a spot diameter of 2.0 m, is 25 W/cm, 4x the saturation. The laser linewidth and shape were tailored to match the D2 line. The power was varied from 7 to 1100 W on Na layer to study saturation. The spot size was measured to be 7 arcsec FWHM at 1100 W. It reduced to 4.6 arcsec after accounting for satura-... 

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