Rituximab nephrotic syndrome

A teenage boy with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis developed rituximab-associated lung injury associated with progressive dyspnea, fever, hypoxemia, and fatigue 18 days after the completion of a second course of rituximab infusion for calcineurin inhibitor-dependent nephrotic syndrome [150 ]. 

Gastrointestinal A child with refractory minimal-change nephrotic syndrome developed severe immune-mediated ulcerative colitis 42 days after rituximab therapy [157- ]. 

Kamei K, Ito S, Nozu K, Fujinaga S, Nakayama M, Sako M, Saito M, Yoneko M, lijima K. Single dose of rituximab for refractory steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children. Pediatr Nephrol 2009 24(7) 1321-8. 

Guigonis V, Dallocchio A, Baudouin V, Dehennault M, Hachon-Le Camus C, Afanetti M, Groothoff J, Lianas B, Niaudet P, Nivet H, Raynaud N, Taque S, Ronco P, Bouissou F. Rituximab treatment for severe steroid- or cyclosporine-dependent nephrotic syndrome a multicentric series of 22 cases. Pediatr Nephrol 2008 23(8) 1269-79. 

A case oi fulminant myocarditis due to enterovirus provides another example of severe infectious complications associated with rituximab [198 ]. A 7-year-old boy witii steroid-dependent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome on ritiximab maintenance therapy remained B-cell depleted and after 13 months developed enterovirus-induced myocarditis eventually requiring heart transplant surgery. 

SeUier-Leclere A-L, BeUi E, Guerin V, Dorfmuller P, Deschenes G. Fulminant viral myocarditis after rituximab therapy in paediatric nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2013 28(9) 1875-9. 

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