Ritter, Wilhelm

Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787-1826). 16Johann Wilhelm Ritter (1776-1810). 17 Albert H. Munsell (1858-1918). 

In addition, spectral light was used to study gases and flames colored by the addition of various metal salts and transparent liquids, as well as to monitor the effects of photochemical changes. Based on his work on spectral analysis, Scheele established that there is a difference between actions of light and heat. This line of research was subsequently to lead to the discovery of the infrared region of the spectrum in 1800 by Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel (discussed above), and the ultraviolet region in 1801 by J.W. Ritter (discussed above). It also led William Hyde Wollaston to discover the ultraviolet region of the spectrum in 1802 he referred to this discovery as chemical rays. ... 

The chemical theory was first proposed by Johann Wilhelm Ritter (Samnitz, Silesia, 16 December lyyb-Mimich, 23 January i8io), who held no academic position. According to him, in galvanic phenomena three bodies, in electrical two, and in chemical one, are concerned ... 

Fig. 2 Historical apparatuses used to study the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by Johann Wilhelm Ritter (a) [27] and August Wilhelm von Hoffmann (b) [28] as well as a Knallgasvoltameter (oxyhydrogen gas voltameter c) [29], in which the oxygen evolution reaction is employed to measure electric current. In all drawings, the ratio of 2 1 for hydrogen gas to oxygen gas can be seen clearly...

Berg H (2008) Johaim Wilhelm Ritter-the founder of scientific electrochemistry. Rev Polagraphy 54 99-103... 

Frercksa J, Weberb H, Wiesenfeldt G (2009) Reception and discovery the nature of Johann Wilhelm Ritter s invisible rays. Stud Hist Philos Sci A 40 143-156... 

In the same period around 1800 (some people say that it was a little later), Johann Wilhelm Ritter (1776-1810), a German chemist, physicist and philosopher, carried out the same experiment as W. Nicholson and A. Carlisle independently. Some think it was he who created the first electrolyzer (see Figure 2.3). 

ENC 08] Ritter, Johann Wilhelm , Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biograply, Encyclopedia.com http //www.encyclopedia.com/doc/lG2-2830903689.html, 2008. 

WIK 13d] Wikipedia, Johann Wilhelm Ritter http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann Withelm Ritter. Accessed on 25 April 2013. 

Billington, 1976, pp. 33-38. Maillart s student notes record the transfer of Wilhelm Ritter s ideas on bridge aesthetics and the use of graphical statics to generate form. 

Rechargeable elements trace back to Johann Wilhelm Ritter, while the invention of the lead-acid battery is attached to such famous names as Gaston Plante, Camille Faure, Henry Tudor, and Volkmar. The industrial production began over 100 years ago and it demonstrates the difficulty implemented in electrochemical elements that even today sometimes the behavior of a battery can t be foreseen or explained totally. On the field of maintenance-free lead-acid batteries Otto Jache made a break-through in 1957 after extensive preparatory work by many others. 

A corresponding experiment on the violet end of the spectrum was performed by Johaim Wilhelm Ritter (1776—1810), a German chemist and physicist. Ritter placed silver chloride crystals, that were known to darken on exposure to light, in... 

Ostwald, 1894[ F. W. Ostwald. Johann Wilhelm Ritter, Rede, gehalten auf der ersten Jahresver-sammlung der Deutschen Elektrochemischen Gesellschaft am 5. Oktober 1894 in Berlin. Rpt. in Ostwald (1904), pp. 359-383. 

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