Right ventricular hypertrophy

PRN When necessary, as needed (pro re nata) RVH Right ventricular hypertrophy... 

S100A4 Overexpression Enhanced tumour development and metastasis Increased right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, reduced ventricular elastance and decreased cardiac output. 

Yoshie, H., Tobise, K., and Onodera, S. 1994. Intraventricular changes in the P-adrenoceptor-adenylate cyclase system of the rat heart with the progress of monocrotaline-induced right ventricular hypertrophy. Jpn. Circ. J. 58 855-865. 

Anversa, P., Levicky, V., Beghi, C., McDonald, S.L., and Kikkawa, Y. 1983. Morphometry of exercise-induced right ventricular hypertrophy in the rat. Circ. Res. 52 57-64. 

Some types of right-ventricular hypertrophy (chronic cor pulmonale) or left-ventricular hypertrophy (QS in V1-V2, or... 

Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension include dyspnea on exertion, chest pain, palpitations, syncope, ascites and lower extremity edema. Anginal symptoms may occur and are thought to be due to increased RV oxygen demand, decreased right coronary artery perfusion due to decreased pressure difference between aorta and RV end diastolic pressure, and rare instances of compression of the left main coronary artery by the dilated pulmonary trunk. Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) correlates with EKG findings including RV... 

FIGURE 8.4 MRI of a representative patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension showing (A) right ventriculation dilation, right ventricular hypertrophy, septal flattening (B) mid-myocardial scar (C) normal AO/PA flow without evidence of shunt. 

Roeleveld RJ, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, Marcus JT, et al. Effects of epoprostenol on right ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation in pulmonary hypertension. Chest 2004 125 572-9. 

Lung disease - pulmonary HTN — T right ventricular pressure - right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) -> nght-sided heart failure. 

Roberts, J., Roberts, C., Jones, R., Zapol, W., and Bloch, K. (1995). Continuous nitric oxide inhalation reduces pulmonary arterial structural changes, right ventricular hypertrophy, and growth retardation in the hypoxic newborn rat. Circ. Res. 76, 215-222. 

Caveolin (Cav), structural protein necessary and sufficient for the formation of caveolae. Cav-1 and Cav-3 are co-expressed in most cell types, including endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts, whereas Cav-3 are expressed by cardiomyocytes. However, smooth muscle cells express all three caveolins. It has been reported that administration of a cell-permeable Cav-1 prevents the development of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy [T. Okamoto et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1998, 273, 5419 J.-F. Jasmin et al.. Circulation 2006, 224, 912]. 

Sugita, T., Hyers, T.M., Dauber, I.M., Wagner, W.W., McMurtry, I.F. and Reeves, J.T. (1983). Lung vessel leak precedes right ventricular hypertrophy in monocrotaline-treated rats. J. Appl Physiol, 54, 371—374... 

Abbreviations MM, multiple myeloma RV dil, right ventricular dilatation Cath, right heart catheterization CCB, calcium channel blocker dig, digoxin dx, diagnosis LVH/RVH, left ventricular hypertrophy/right ventricular hypertrophy. 

A clinical study showed that cyclobenzaprine use during late pregnancy should be considered a potential cause of early ductal closure. A proposed mechanism for cyclobenzaprine includes inhibition of norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake, factors known to inhibit prostaglandin and nitric oxide. These two factors are the leading causes of in utero ductal closure. A full-term male infant presented shortly after birth with respiratory distress. An echocardiogram done within the first hour of life showed an elevated pulmonary artery pressure and an associated right ventricular hypertrophy without a patent ductus arteriosus. Maternal history was unremarkable except for chronic low back pain treated with cyclobenzaprine [31]. 

Right ventricular hypertrophy (Fig. 5.12) is less common than left ventricular hypertrophy. RVH is often accompanied by right atrial abnormality and tall R waves in lead Vi (height of R wave > depth of S wave), and right axis deviation. In more severe cases ST segment depression and T wave inversion, indicating strain pattern can sometimes be seen (Fig. 5.13). 

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