Resuscitation fluids oxygen-carrying

Therapeutic intravenous (TV) fluids include crystalloid solutions, colloidal solutions, and oxygen-carrying resuscitation solutions. Crystalloids are composed of water and electrolytes, all of which pass freely through semipermeable membranes and remain in the intravascular space for shorter periods of time. As such, these solutions are very useful for correcting electrolyte imbalances but result in smaller hemodynamic changes for a given unit of volume. 

Rudolph AS, Cliff RO, Klipper R, et al. Circulation persistence and biodistribution of lyophilized liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin an oxygen-carrying resuscitative fluid. Crit Care Med 1994 22 142. 

Treatment is generally supportive. Clothes should be removed and routine decontamination measures carried out to reduce further absorption. Airway maintenance, oxygen and respiratory support may be required if patients remain unconscious or have inadequate respiration. Initial cardiovascular support may also be required with intravenous fluid resuscitation and vasopressors and/or inotropes. 

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