Respiration processes, trace-element

There is no doubt that the contamination of the atmosphere with trace elements which commonly occurs in industrial areas can have pronounced effects on biological systems, and Ruehling and Tyler [164] have discussed the depressant effect on the decomposition of spruce needle litter at a number of sites around two metal-processing industrial plants in central and south-eastern Sweden, emitting cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc, and cadmium, lead and nickel, respectively. Tyler has also reported inhibition of respiration rate and of phosphatase and urease activity in spruce mor, contaminated from a brass foundry in Sweden [165]. 

Quay J, Reed W, Devlin RB. Residual oil fly ash upregulates IL-6 gene expression by processes involving NF-kB. Am J Cell Respir Mol Biol 1998 19 98-106. Schroeder WH, Dobson D, Kane DM, Johnson ND. Toxic trace elements associated with airborne particulate matter a review. Environ Sci Technol 1987 9 838-845. Mathias-Maser S, Jaenicke R. Examination of atmospheric bioaerosol particles with radii > 0.2 J.m. J Aerosol Sci 1994 25 1605-1613. 

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