Resorcylic acid lactones

Natural Lactones and Lactams Synthesis, Occurrence and Biolo al Activity, First Edition. 

The resorcylic acid lactones (RALs) are a family of benzannulated macrolides, which are produced by a variety of fungi and show versatile biological activities (6). According to their name, they consist structurally of a partially substituted p-resorcylic acid scaffold, which is linked to a 12- or 14-membered macrolactone moiety. Selected members of this group are shown in Fig. 9.1. 

Erase et al., The Chemistry of My cotoxins. Progress in the Oiemistry of Organic Natural Products, Vol. 97, DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1312-7 9, 

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Hellwig V, Mayer-Bartschmid A, Miiller H, Greif G, Kleymann G, Zitzmann W, Tichy H-V, Stadler M (2003) Pochonins A-F, New Antiviral and Antiparasitic Resorcylic Acid Lactones from Pochonia chlamydosporia var. catenulata. J Nat Prod 66 829... 

Figure 5 Structures and IC50S in the macrophage activation assay of fungal resorcylic acid lactones...

Note. Zearalenone is one of a group of compounds known under the more general name of RALs or resorcylic acid lactones. 

Chemistry and biology of resorcylic acid lactones 07CC22. 

In this volume, we will focus on the most important classes of mycotoxins and discuss advances in their chemistry over the last ten years. In each section, the individual biological impact will be discussed. The chapters have been arranged according to mycotoxin class e.g. aflatoxins) and/or structural classes e.g. resorcylic acid lactones (6), diketopiperazines (7, 8)). The biological aspects will be treated only in brief (9). For a recent, comprehensive treatise of mycotoxin chemistry, we refer the reader to a major review (70). 

Winssinger N, Barluenga S (2007) Chemistry and Biology of Resorcylic Acid Lactones. Chem Commun 22... 

Shao C-L, Wu H-X, Wang Ch-Y, Liu Q-A, Xu Y, Wei M-Y, Qian P-Y, Gn Y-C, Zheng C-J, She Z-G, Lin Y-C (2011) Potent Antifouling Resorcylic Acid Lactones from the Gorgonian-Derived Fungus Cochliobolus lunatus. 1 Nat Prod 74 629... 

Barluenga S, Dakas P, Boulifa M, Moulin E, Winssinger N (2008) Resorcylic Acid Lactones A Pluripotent Scaffold with Therapeutic Potential. C R Chim 11 1306... 

Schirmer A, Kennedy 1, Murli Sumati, Reid R, Santi AV (2006) Target Covalent Inactivation of Protein Kinases by Resorcylic Acid Lactone Polyketides. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 4234... 

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