Resistant phenotype, maintenance

Determination of Maintenance of Resistant Phenotype in the Absence of Selection... 

The mechanical properties of the capsule must be carefully considered. Not only does the capsule need sufficient strength to resist mechanical failure and rupture but the elasticity of cell substrates have been shown to influence cell behavior. The mechanism by which substrate elasticity influences differentiation of multipotent cells is not clear. A number of recent studies have analyzed this in both two- and three-dimensional (3D) culture systems, - Integrin engagement is thought to be required to transmit the elasticity of the capsule material to the cells inside. Matrix elasticity has been shown to influence the lineage commitment of naive, mesenchymal stem cells. Another important consideration is how the mechanical properties of a capsule impact the transmission of external mechanical forces to the cells. Many cells respond to mechanical loads and this can be necessary for maintenance of phenotype or to guide differentiation. ... 

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