Resistance, Step 1 Susceptibility to large deformations

The starting point for a liquefaction resistance is the adequacy in overall stability of the proposed works that is, susceptibility to mass-movement of the hydraulic fill (flow shdes). Two approaches are followed in assessing vulnerability to large deformations i) to evaluate the type of stress-strain response of the fill to check that it is not brittle (i.e. to avoid post-peak strength loss in undrained loading) and/or, ii) to use post-liquefaction (residual) strengths in a limit equilibrium analysis to check that FS 1 for overall stabihty with these minimum assured undrained strengths. 

Although the concept of using case history data is widely accepted (e.g. Stark Mesri, 2003), and most workers calculate comparable strengths for any case history, there is less clarity on what penetration resistance corresponds to that strength. And, there is no consensus on how the experience should be synthesized. The guidance from the constitutive behaviour of soils is nevertheless simple and unambiguous the ratio depend on V with that 

There is some scatter on this figure, but that is not surprising as the soil properties are regarded as the same across all case histories—a more or less necessary assumption as few of the case histories have measured supporting data to do better than this. 

1 1 t i Recomm for condM void redlsti could be si 7 ded Curve xis where iiution effects Aant 

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