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Reservoirs thermal alterations

Also, Amie and Alberto [22] obtained good correlations between mean annual water temperatures, mean annual water temperature ranges and heights for the rivers of the Ebro River basin. Comparing the actual water temperature with the estimated water temperature they observed that some rivers (rivers Jalon, Jiloca, Martin) showed higher temperatures than expected. However, although the authors formulated some hypothesis for such alterations (reservoirs, thermal sources) the available data did not suffice to isolate the actual cause. [Pg.82]

Fischer, R.U., Standora, E.A. and Spotila, J.R. (1987) Predator-induced changes in thermoregulation of bluegill, Lepomis marcochirus, from a thermally-altered reservoir. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 44,1629-1634. [Pg.271]

Also, the alterations can be classified depending on their intensity. The more intense or frequent the intensity, the easier to predict the consequences. When the alterations are slighter or less frequent, it may occur that the natural factors are more important than the alteration itself [3]. The effect produced by the reservoirs depends on different factors, like the size of the reservoir, the residence time, the stability of the thermal stratification and the withdrawal depth. Moreover, there is a certain interannual variability in the magnitude as well as in the timing of the alterations [4]. Among these factors, the most important one is the depth at which water is released. [Pg.79]

As an example of the alterations produced by this type of reservoirs, we quote the case of the lake Powell in the river Colorado. After the construction of this reservoir, there was a change in the thermal regime, mainly consisting of a decrease of the mean annual temperature by 10-15°C, with water colder in summer and warmer in winter. While before the construction of the reservoir the water temperature along the year fluctuated between 0 and 29.5°C, afterwards it only varied between 6 and 15°C [11, 12]. [Pg.79]

Withdrawal towers in dams allow corrections to the altered thermal regime without much additional effort. Especially in clear water reservoirs, withdrawal towers allow managers to choose water at its natural temperature and to reduce artificial seasonal temperature shifts. Again, retention basins have the same... [Pg.244]

A work reservoir is similarly defined as any body or combination of bodies, used as part of the surroundings, whose only interaction with the system is one that may be described in terms of work. We may have a different type of reservoir for each mode of interaction other than thermal interaction. A work reservoir then is used to perform work across the boundary separating the reservoir and the thermodynamic system and to measure these quantities of work. In the following we are, in order to simplify the discussion, primarily concerned with mechanical work, but this limitation does not alter or limit the basic concepts. A reservoir for mechanical work may be a set of weights and pulleys in a gravitational field, an idealized spring, or a compressible fluid in a piston-and-cylinder arrangement. In any case the reservoir must... [Pg.24]

When a fluid is under an applied shear, work done on the system is converted into heat. Appropriate coupling to a thermal reservoir (thermostat) is needed to remove the heat. There are a number of ways to implement a thermostat. They all involve modifying the equations of motion and precaution must be taken to avoid biasing the flow and altering simulated properties. [Pg.637]


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