Remodeling phase, wound healing

The key phases that are crucial in cellular processes of wound healing are inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroplasia, epithelialization, and dermal remodeling [80, 81]. Each phase requires collaborative contribution of various types of proteins, cells and tissues in the microenvironment of the wound, and the APP appears to contribute in multiple phases of the wound healing process [82]. 

Figure 14.9 Major events that occur during the four phases of wound healing (a) homeostasis (b) inflammation (c) proliferation and (d) maturation and tissue remodeling.

Wound healing is a complex phenomenon where angiogenesis, ie formation of new blood vessels plays an essential role (Bates and Jones, 2003). The wound healing process can be divided into three main phases inflammatory phase, proliferation phase, and maturation and remodeling phase (Witte and Barbul, 1997), as discussed in the following text (Eig. 10.1). 

Fig. 10.1 Main stages of wound healing. (A) Inflammatory phase. (B) Proliferation phase. (C) Maturation and remodeling phase.

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