Relaxation water, magnetic

ST2-PT thus results in a 2D [15N, H]-correlation spectrum that contains only the most slowly relaxing component of the 2D 15N- H multiplet. The data are processed as described by Kay et al. [44] in an echo/antiecho manner. Water saturation is minimized by keeping the water magnetization along the z-axis during the entire experiment, which is achieved by the application of the water-selective 90° rf pulses indicated by curved shapes on the line H. It was reported that on some NMR instruments the phase cycle mentioned above does select the desired multiplet component. On these instruments, the replacements of S, with S, = y, x for the first FID and 9, =... 

Fig. 7. (A) The WEFT sequence in this sequence the tt pulse is applied to rotate all of the magnetization (i.e. both solute and solvent) to the -z-axis. A delay (I>np) of sufficient length is used to allow the water magnetization to relax to the origin ( >np = InfZ) ) whilst during the same period, by virtue of faster longitudinal relaxation, the solute resonances have reached thermal equilibrium. An excitation pulse (represented here as a tj/2 pulse) is then applied and an almost water-free spectrum is acquired. However, in the presence of radiation damping the water quicldy returns nonexponentially to the equilibrium position at a similar rate to the solute nuclei (see Fig. 2). However, if during D p a series of n very weak and evenly spaced gradient pulses are applied so as to inhibit the effects of radiation damping, the water relaxes according to its natural spin-lattice relaxation rate. This is the basis of the Water-PRESS sequence (B). An example of a spectrum obtained with Water-PRESS is shown in Fig. IB and Fig. 6.

In applying suppression methods to multidimensional sequences, it is important to consider what preconditions the suppression scheme makes on the water magnetization. For example, multidimensional sequences are generally run with a recycle delay less than sufficient to allow the water magnetization to relax back to equilibrium before the start of the next scan. Thus the water is always at least partially saturated but the theory behind most suppression methods assumes that the water magnetization starts from thermal equilibrium in each instance. We note in particular that spin-lock, WATERGATE and diffusion filters can be used to suppress the water irrespective of whether the solvent magnetization is at equilibrium. 

Transitions. Samples containing 50 mol % tetrafluoroethylene with ca 92% alternation were quenched in ice water or cooled slowly from the melt to minimise or maximize crystallinity, respectively (19). Internal motions were studied by dynamic mechanical and dielectric measurements, and by nuclear magnetic resonance. The dynamic mechanical behavior showed that the CC relaxation occurs at 110°C in the quenched sample in the slowly cooled sample it is shifted to 135°C. The P relaxation appears near —25°C. The y relaxation at — 120°C in the quenched sample is reduced in peak height in the slowly cooled sample and shifted to a slightly higher temperature. The CC and y relaxations reflect motions in the amorphous regions, whereas the P relaxation occurs in the crystalline regions. The y relaxation at — 120°C in dynamic mechanical measurements at 1 H2 appears at —35°C in dielectric measurements at 10 H2. The temperature of the CC relaxation varies from 145°C at 100 H2 to 170°C at 10 H2. In the mechanical measurement, it is 110°C. There is no evidence for relaxation in the dielectric data. 

Hertz, H. G. Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation, in Water — a Comprehensive Treatise, (ed. Franks, F.), Vol. 3, chapter 7, New York, Plenum Press 1973... 

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