Chronology, relative

Ghaleb et al. 1990 Goetz 1990 Hillaire-Marcel et al. 1990 Dequincey et al. 2002). The models retained in the various studies differ from each other in the relative chronology assumed for U gains and losses. All the models have assumed, however, first order kinetics for U losses, which is supported by a few U leaching experiments on both whole rocks and separated minerals (Latham et al. 1987a b). 

Chronology may be expressed in two forms absolute and relative chronology. Absolute chronology depends on knowing the precise date of events or age of materials or objects. To sequence events or objects in absolute chronology implies organizing them in a certain order, for example, from oldest to most recent. Relative chronology is not expressed in specific dates but rather in a sequential relationship of events. Relative dates are therefore expressed in relation to those of other objects or events they do not specify the precise age of objects or the time of occurrence of events. Absolute dates provide the precise age of objects and the time of occurrence of events, and are derived independently of those of other objects or events. 

Physical and chemical dating methods which provide archaeology with absolute and relative chronologies. 

Over the next few decades, much effort was devoted to using the I- Xe system as an early solar system chronometer. However, because many of the results did not agree with the relative chronology indicated by the petrography of the samples and with ages determined by long-lived chronometers, and because people did not understand how the iodine was sited in the meteorites and the extent to which metamorphic heating and aqueous alteration... 

Table IV presents the comparative data on the permeation rates of the three types of membranes with two different porosities for various aqueous organic solutions and for pure water as measured over the duration of the study. The data shown here represent the relative chronological order in which the samples were tested. In the beginning, even though the percent rejection of NaCl is high for PA and CAc (indicating small-size pores), the rates of permeation of pure water are higher for denser membranes than for membranes having lower percent rejection of NaCl. In the case of the PBI membrane, the reverse of this phenomenon is observed.

Does the length of different linear pathways (that means the dominant task sets) change in the same manner when replicated. This would support non-random influences, otherwise the selection would be purely accidental. The relative constancy of linEN would be explained by the task set which wins the competition first becomes dominant and wins all subsequent competitions. The relative, chronologically limited constancy of linEN would therefore be a learning effect. 

In some cases, despite the standard method of chemical pretreatment, it may be necessary to customise the applied treatment to the investigated material. The results of radiocarbon dating of bones and wood were compared with the relative chronology established by archaeologists, based usually on the typology of artefacts or pottery. 

Archaeological excavations conducted in 2007 at site 6 in Suchy Las near Poznan produced archaeological material from five chronological horizons (basing on relative chronology) related to ... 

The sample selected for dating purposes came from a settlement accompanying a stronghold from the end of the 91 century till about the 1 half of the 10 century AD (Early Middle Ages, phase C), basing on relative chronology. 

The obtained date from the animal bone from feature 74 verify earlier hypotheses that we can distinguish between two developmental phases of the settlement site of the Przeworsk culture (see section 2.3 Snowidowo), namely a pre-Roman settlement site (from the 2 century BC-BC/ AD, on the basis of relative chronology), and a Late Roman settlement site (the period between 318 AD to 422 AD, on the basis of a date). 

The radiocarbon method has a very wide application in various fields of science. On the basis of the presented results of the dating of bones and wood, we presented the use of this method in determining the chronology of archaeological sites. At the same time, the possibility of using various materials, in this case bones and wood, with a small quantity required for the dating of the fraction, makes it a valuable source of information for a comparison with the relative chronology. 

A wide range of different studies shows a great potential of the radiocarbon method, and the presented papers reflect the interdisdplinary research and combine the conclusions from radiometric dating, pal)mology and relative chronology of archaeological sites. 

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