Relationship between material processing structure

Materials science can be defined as the study of the relationship between materials processing, their structure, and their properties, and the interplay of these parameters (Fig. 7.1). Materials characterization is a powerful tool for understanding how the different parameters involved in the early stages of design and processing, influence their structure and performance. 

This book focuses on the relationships between the chemical structure and the related physical characteristics of plastics, which determine appropriate material selection, design, and processing of plastic parts. The book also contains an in-depth presentation of the structure-property relationships of a wide range of plastics, including thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and blends. 

An improved understanding of the relationship between repeat unit structure and physical properties has also provided motivation the hydrogenation process allows for the direct study of the influence of the new cyclohexyl side substituent in comparison with the phenyl group present in the starting material. At the time of this writing, PCHE is not an item of commerce. A variety of applications have been proposed, however, that would take advantage of the properties of this material. 

The applications of surfactants in science and industry are legion, ranging from primary processes such as the recovery and purification of raw materials in the mining and petroleum industries, to enhancing the quality of finished products such as paints, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Table 3.2 lists some of their major areas of application. As the technological and legal demands placed on products and process additives such as surfactants increase, it seems obvious that our need to understand the relationships between the chemical structures of those materials and their physical manifestations in particular circumstances becomes more important. 

The studies carried out earlier have shown that polymer film samples strength to a considerable extent is defined by growth parameters of stable crack in local deformation zone (ZD) at a notch tip [1-3], As it has been shown in Refs. [4, 5], the fiactal concept can be used successfully for the similar processes analysis. This concept is used particularly successfully for the relationships between fracture processes on different levels and subjecting fracture material microstructure derivation [5]. This problem is of the interest in one more respect. As it has been shown earlier, both amorphous polymers structure [7] and Griffith crack [4] are fractals. Therefore, the possibility to establish these objects fractal characteristics intercommunication appears. The authors of Refs. [8, 9] consider stable cracks in polyarylatesul-fone (PASF) film samples treatment as fractals and obtain intercommunication of this polymer structure characteristics with samples with sharp notch fracture parameters. 

E. S. Machlin, Materials Science in Microelectronics—the Relationships between Thin Film Processing and Structure. Giro Press. Croton-on-Hudson, NY, 1995. 

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