Reinforcing agents fibrous

Reinforcing agents (CB, talc, silica, and other organic and fibrous filler)... 

Basically a plastic composite is the assembly of two or more materials made to behave as a single product. Examples include vinyl-coated fabric used in air mattresses or laminated metal bonded together with a plastic adhesive used in helicopter blades. The RP type of composite combines a plastic with a reinforcing agent that can be fibrous, powdered, spherical, crystalline, or whisker, made of organic, inorganic, metallic, or ceramic material. To be structurally effective, there must be a strong adhesive bond between the resin and reinforcement. 

As mentioned earlier, suspensions of particulate rods or fibers are almost always non-Brownian. Such fiber suspensions are important precursors to composite materials that use fiber inclusions as mechanical reinforcement agents or as modifiers of thermal, electrical, or dielectrical properties. A common example is that of glass-fiber-reinforced composites, in which the matrix is a thermoplastic or a thermosetting polymer (Darlington et al. 1977). Fiber suspensions are also important in the pulp and paper industry. These materials are often molded, cast, or coated in the liquid suspension state, and the flow properties of the suspension are therefore relevant to the final composite properties. Especially important is the distribution of fiber orientations, which controls transport properties in the composite. There have been many experimental and theoretical studies of the flow properties of fibrous suspensions, which have been reviewed by Ganani and Powell (1985) and by Zimsak et al. (1994). 

It is not uncommon for there to be as many as 20 or more additives in one polymer, all present in relatively small amounts, but nevertheless essential to ensure that the performance of the base polymer is acceptable for a particular end use. Many products are blends of two or more polymers or comprise two or more materials combined in a strategic way. For example, packaging materials commonly have a sandwich structure of three or four different polymers polymer composites are an important class of engineering materials containing substantial amounts of particulate or fibrous reinforcing agents. 

The composites can be classified on the basis of the form of their structural components fibrous (composed of fibers in a matrix), laminar (composed of layers of materials), and particulate (composed of particles in a matrix). The particulate class can be further subdivided into flake (flat flakes in a matrix) or skeletal (composed of a continuous skeletal matrix filled by a second material). In general, the reinforcing agent can be either fibrous, powdered, spherical, crystalline, or whiskered and either an organic, inorganic, metallic, or ceramic material. 

Reinforcing agents— particulate fillers, e.g. carbon black, fibrous fillers, e.g. glass or carbon fibres. 

Fibrous and Flaky Fillers and Fibrous Reinforcing Agents... 

Other fibrous reinforcing agents are cellulosic fibers, PTFE, PVAL, metallic, kaolin [50], and basalt [51] fibers, and mixtures of glass and mineral fibers [46]. 

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