Reinforced thermoplastics, impact strength

Ramsleiner F. and Theysohn R. (1979). Tensile and impact strength of uni-directional short fiber reinforced thermoplastics. Composites 10, 111-119. 

Fillers are solid materials that are dispersed in plastics and elastomers. One distinguishes between inactive fillers that are used in the first place to make the plastics less expensive and active fillers (reinforcing fillers) that improve specific mechanical properties and thus effect a reinforcement . With the aid of these fillers, the elastic modulus, hardness, and thermostability are enhanced predominantly, whereas the impact strength of thermoplastic niaterials is re-... 

An important corollary to impact behavior of reinforced thermoplastics is shown in Figure 6. Two different ABS resins are used for this illustration relating to low temperature impact strength retention. The unreinforced ABS will retain from 20-30% of its room temperature impact strength in going to — 20°F. The graphs for both the low and high... 

Reinforced thermoset (RTS) plastic B-stage sheet material can be processed with its required heating cycle. However the most popular is to use reinforced thermoplastic (RTP) sheets usually using polypropylene plastics. Compared to injection molding RTPs, these stamped products can provide improved mechanical and physical properties with its longer fibers such as impact strength, heat distortion temperature, and much less anisotropy. 

PolyeCL has an ability to blend with several other polymers and can be used as an adhesive for polymer films of the same or different composition, as an excellent low-profile additive for fiber-glass-reinforced polyesters and as a pigment dispersant. It improves the impact strength and crack resistance of some thermoplastic polymers. 

The impact strength of brittle thermoplastic materials is generally improved by adding small amounts of rubber, either pure or modified by grafting with the monomer or monomers constituting the matrix to be reinforced (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). As a rule, modification is achieved by monomer polymerization in the presence of the reinforcing elastomer, which is usually a butadiene polymer or copolymer (6, 7). 

Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), which is formaldehyde-resistant, is the predominantly used elastifying component for phenoplastics. The resin and rubber interreact during the curing process. Natural rubber is incompatible with phenolic resins. At a rubber content of 25 %, the modulus of elasticity, at 1,000 N mm , has already fallen into the middle range of unreinforced thermoplastics. The impact strength reaches the values of type 74 (fabric chips, reinforced). Their form stability when exposed to heat is below that of type 31 at temperatures below 100 °C. 

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