Reinforced concrete building tensile

Cellular corrosion of glass fibre reinforced concrete building elements is of concern in that it has a severe effect on the tensile strength of such elements. 

Chen et al. [29] have carried out a detailed study of the methods for the prediction of the long-term behavior of rods of glass fiber-reinforced vinyl ester resin nsed to reinforce concrete building structure. As a measure of durability, tensile strengths are reported for bars of this material before and after exposure to alkaline solutions. In a typical example, the tensile strength of the exposure of glass fiber-reinforced vinyl ester resin changes from 100% to 80% after 400 days exposure and from 100% to 60% after 800 days of exposure to concrete. 

Unalloyed steels without coatings or protective films are widely used for the reinforcement of concrete buildings [7]. Their required mechanical strengths are specified in DIN 1045 [8]. Common designations are concrete steel I-IV with minimum yield strengths of 220 to 500 N/mm (special reinforced concrete) and tensile strengths of 340 to 550 N/mm. ... 

We now recognize that, while much of biology relies on inorganic structures, biominerals, to supply the tensile strength and the other material properties that we associate with, for example bone, the diversity of form and shape depends on the organic matrix in which the biomineral is allowed to form. It is a little like the construction of buildings with reinforced concrete—the mould determines in what shape and form the concrete will set. And it is... 

Reinforced concrete has practically a century of use as a building material. Continuous steel rods, prestressed under tension, pass completely through each structural element and enable the material to withstand tensile as well as compressive stresses, to give a combination that combines the desirable features of each component. 

Numerical Modeling of Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings, Table 2 Values of constant Gfo for determination of tensile fracture energy of concrete (Fib 1999)... 

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