Reentrant grooves

The silver halide growth model has been resurrected as a way of explaining particle growth in many synthesis methods [58,104]. In this model, twin planes form reentrant grooves (A-type faces in Figure 11.44), which are favourable sites for the... 

The monoatomic high-step edges, the microsteps, are required for continuous metal electrocrystallization. Possible sources of microsteps on a surface are shown in Figs. 2.7, 2. 8a, and 2.9a, i.e., the low-index planes, two-dimensional nuclei, emergent screw dislocations, and indestructible reentrant grooves [11, 32]. 

Fig. 2.8 (a) Schematic representation of the formation of an indestructible reentrant groove and the cadmium deposits obtained by deposition from 0.10 M CdS04 in 0.50 M H2SO4 onto a cadmium electrode. Deposition overpotential 50 mV. Depositirai times (b) 2 min, (c) 2 min, and (d) 10 min (Reprinted from Refs. [7, 11, 13] with kind permission from Springer and Ref. [33] with permission from Elsevier)... 

In the case of a reentrant groove (Fig. 2.8a), the growth of new layers can be started by one-dimensional nucleation. The growth rates in the cases of one-dimensional and two-dimensional nucleation as rate-determining steps can be compared to each other by COTisidering the growth of two-dimensional flat cadmium dendrites from Fig. 2.8b-d. 

Machined Kun and Czikk [23] Cross-grooved and flattened Regular matrix of reentrant cavities... 

Fujikake [24] Low fins knurled and compressed Reentrant cross grooves... 

Nakayama et al. [28] Rolled, upset, and brushed Helical circumferential or groove-type reentrant cavities with periodic openings... 

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