Cross groove

Machined Kun and Czikk [23] Cross-grooved and flattened Regular matrix of reentrant cavities... 

Fujikake [24] Low fins knurled and compressed Reentrant cross grooves... 

Filtrate passes through the filter medium, along cross-grooves in the belt, and down through centrally atuated drainage p es. Figure 11.16 shows the position of the belt in relation to two rollers the discharge end roller acts as the drive roller. 

The extra force FJ is determined from a force balance in the cross-groove direction F =FbbSin(p-(Pb) (7.78)... 

Too long a filling speed can also lead to surface faults. If compoimd which has already solidified onto the mould wall is displaced by a subsequent filling, cross-grooves occur vertically to the direction of flow (gramophone record effect). The effects of too high a filling speed are described in Chapter 9. 

A sample solution is drawn or pumped into a V-shaped groove cut into the end of a capillary tube. The crossed gas and liquid streams form an aerosol. An impactor bead can be used to provide an even smaller droplet size. 

Embedded. Rectangular-cross-section aluminum fin which is wrapped under tension and mechanically embedded in a groove 0.25 0.05 mm (0.010 0.002 in) deep, spirally cut into the outside surface of a tube. 

The sugar-phosphate backbone is represented by connected circles in color and the base pairs as blue planks. Four base pairs are shown from the top of the helix to highlight how the grooves are formed due to the asymmetric connections. The position of the helix axis is marked by a cross. 

Fig. 4.6. Cross section of the front end of an SSD (solid-state detector), here Gold contact with a grooved Si(Li) crystal. Crystal and preamplifier are connected with a cooled copper rod and shielded by a case with an end cap and Be window [4.21, 4.29].

Natural gas pipelines are generally defined as intrastate, those transporting gas to markets within state boundaries, or interstate, those crossing state lines. Natural gas from Canada, a grooving source of natural gas consumed in the United States, also enters the U.S. through iuterconnectious with interstate pipelines. 

Basically, the purpose of drill collars is to furnish weight on bit. However, both size and length of drill collars have an effect on bit performance, hole deviation, and drill pipe service life. Drill collars may be classified according to the shape of their cross-sections as round drill collars (conventional drill collars), square drill collars, or spiral drill collars (drill collars with spiral grooves). 

Always select belts to match the pulley grooves, using a pulley-groove gage to determine the correct replacement belt cross-section. On new applications, the design specifications will indicate the proper belt size, both length and cross-section (see Figure 58.1). 

Binding of cisplatin to the neighbouring bases in the DNA disrupts the orderly stacking of the purine bases when it forms a 1,2-intrastrand crosslink, it bends the DNA helix by some 34° towards the major groove and unwinds the helix by 13°. These cross-links are believed to block DNA replication. 

Figure 2.42 Micro mixer geometry with staggered groove structures on the bottom wall, as considered in [137], The top of the figure shows a schematic view of the channel cross-section with the vortices induced by the grooves. At the bottom, confocal micrographs showing the distribution of two liquids over the cross-section are displayed.

SCHEME 9.24 A quinone methide conjugate for cross-linking DNA through recognition of the minor groove primarily formed self-adducts irreversibly. 

The interstrand cross-link also induces DNA bending.72 X-ray and NMR studies on this adduct show that platinum is located in the minor groove and the cytosines of the d(GC) base pair involved in interstrand cross-link formation are flipped out of the helix stack and a localized Z-form DNA is observed.83-85 This is a highly unusual structure and very distorting—implications for differential repair of the two adducts have been addressed. Alternatively, the interstrand cross-link of the antitumor inactive trans-DDP is formed between a guanine (G) and its complementary cytosine (C) on the same base p a i r.86,87/ nms- D D P is sterically incapable of producing 1,2-intrastrand adducts and this feature has been cited as a dominant structural reason for its lack of antitumor efficacy. It is clear that the structural distortions induced on the DNA are very different and likely to induce distinctly different biological consequences. 

---