Reduction of aldehydes or ketones

Reduction of aldehydes or ketones (Wolff-Kishner Clemmensen)... 

Addition of a masked Grignard reagent to an aldehyde or ketone From aromatic aldehydes and carbanions Bimolecular reduction of aldehydes or ketones... 

The reversible reduction of aldehydes or ketones to the corresponding alcohols using aluminum alkoxides such as aluminum isopropoxide (Al[OCH(CH3)2]3), the reducing alcohol usually being isopropyl alcohol (Le., RCOR + CH3CH(0H)CH3 RCH(OH)R + CH3C0CH3). The reaction is facilitated by the removal of acetone by distillation". This reaction has served as a model for metal-ion-dependent hydride transfer reactions catalyzed by certain enzymes. The reverse reaction is known as the Oppenauer oxidation . ... 

Symmetrical 1,2-glycols, known as pinacols, are prepared by bimolecular reduction of aldehydes or ketones. 

Selective reduction of aldehydes or ketones, either by Clemmensen reduction (see Section 5.7.17) or Woljf-Kishner reduction (see Section 5.7.18) yields alkanes. 

Bimolecular Reduction of Aldehydes or Ketones to Alkenes De-oxygen-coupling... 

Alkylfurans are usually obtained by ring synthesis, decarboxylation of alkylfurancarboxy-lic acids, Wolff-Kishner reduction of aldehydes or ketones, or by reduction of halomethyl groups with zinc and acetic acid or LAH (79JOC3420) alkylation is of limited value. The chemistry of these compounds is conventional but oxidation to furancarboxylic acids cannot usually be carried out due to the lability of the ring. NBS bromination (Section 3.11.2.2.5) is a useful route to side-chain substituted compounds but reduction of esters to hydroxymethyl groups and subsequent transformation is often preferable. The haloalkyl compounds are extremely sensitive to resinification but if adequate precautions are taken they are... 

Functional Group Transformation Alcohols can be prepared by nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halides, hydrolysis of esters, reduction of carboxylic acids or esters, reduction of aldehydes or ketones, electrophilic addition of alkenes, hydroboration of alkenes, or substitution of ethers. 

Reduction of aldehydes or ketones.1 This reduction can be effected with hydrosilanes, particularly sterically hindered silanes such as (C6H5)2SiH2 and... 

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