Redox waves

Cyclic voltammetry is most commonly used to investigate the polymerization of a new monomer. Polymerization and film deposition are characterized by increasing peak currents for oxidation of the monomer on successive cycles, and the development of redox waves for the polymer at potentials below the onset of monomer oxidation. A nucleation loop, in which the current on the reverse scan is higher than on the corresponding forward scan, is commonly observed during the first cycle.56,57 These features are all illustrated in Fig. 3 for the polymerization of a substituted pyrrole.58... 

Rotating-disk voltammetry is the most appropriate and most commonly employed method for studying mediation. In most systems that have been studied, there has been little penetration of the substrate in solution into the polymer film. This can be demonstrated most easily if the polymer film is nonconductive at the formal potential of the substrate. Then the absence of a redox wave close to this potential for an electrode coated with a very thin film provides excellent evidence that the substrate does not penetrate the film significantly.143 For cases where the film is conductive at the formal potential of the substrate, more subtle argu-... 

There is one report of the redox properties of poly(ferrocenylene) by Oyama et al. noting that the cyclic voltammetry of low molecular weight poly(ferrocenylene) (Mw 900) dissolved in CH2C12 or electrodeposited on Pt gives a broad redox wave with two (or three) peaks between 0.2 and 0.8 V vs. SSCE (70). 

Diphosphathienoquinone 4b shows most stable redox waves among the phosphaquinoid compounds synthesized by us (Scheme 17) [11], The first reversible reduction and the second irreversible reduction were observed. In order to observe... 

Using solvent-containing triruthenium species 1 as a synthetic precursor, a series of pyridyl-substituted triruthenium derivatives [Ru30(0Ac)6(py)2(L)]+ (L = 4,4 -bpy 5, BPE 6, BPA 7) were prepared by Meyer et al. [9]. Electrochemical studies showed that these triruthenium complexes exhibit four to five reversible one-electron redox waves in the potential range of +2.0 to —2.0 V, suggesting that these complexes can... 

By introducing redox-active N-methyl-4,4/-bipyridinium ion (mbpy+) to the oxo-centered triruthenium cores, a series of triruthenium derivatives bearing two or three axially coordinated mbpy+ were prepared by Abe et al. [12, 13]. Electrochemical studies indicated that these mbpy+-containing triruthenium complexes afforded a total of seven to nine reversible or quasi-reversible redox waves in acetonitrile solutions at ambient temperature. Of these redox waves, four or five one-electron redox processes arise from RU3 -based oxidations or reductions involving five or six formal oxidation states, including... 

The CV and DPV of bpym-substituted triruthenium complex 36 (Fig. 5) exhibit three reversible redox waves at +0.75, —0.39, and —1.73 V, ascribed to redox... 

As shown in Fig. 7, the electronic spectrum of 2+ intercluster heterovalent trimeric complex 46b includes IC absorption envelopes characteristic of both [RU3O]0 and [Ru30]+ moieties, which are only slightly perturbed compared with those in the corresponding neutral (46a) and 3+ complexes (46). Three reversible redox waves occur at +0.89, —0.29, and —1.57V in the CV... 

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