Redox pump

This system has characteristic in ingeneous combination of a redox pump and the selective complexation of cation by the macrocyclic ligand. It must be noted that this new system is very promising from the point of view of extending the scope of the selection of the cation carriers, since any carrier can be employed so long as it has selectivity for a special cation and has enough stability toward redox system. 

Moore, J. N. (1994). Contaminant mobilization resulting from redox pumping in a metal-contaminated river-reservoir system. In Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs, ed. L. A. Baker, pp. 451-71. Washington, D.C. American Chemical Society. Moore, J. N., Ficklin, W. H. Johns, C. (1988). Partitioning of arsenic and metals in reducing sulfidic sediments. Environmental Science and Technology, 22, 432-7. Morrison, G. M., Batley, G. E. Florence, T. M. (1989). Metal speciation and toxicity. Chemistry in Britain, 8, 791-5. 

Contaminant Mobilization Resulting from Redox Pumping in a Metal-Contaminated River-Reservoir System... 

All of these reactions are partially or strongly controlled by bacterial interaction. These reactions develop a general vertical zonation of oxic, anoxic sulfidic, and anoxic methanic environments (13) within the reservoir sediment (Figure 7) that migrates with the rise and fall of the reservoir stage. This fluctuation develops a redox pump that mobilizes contaminants with each successive stage cycle. 

Moore, J. N., 1993, Contaminant mobihzation resulting from redox pumping in a metal-contaminated river reservoir system, Montana, U.S.A, Environmental Chemistry Lakes and Reservoirs Chemical Series, American Chemical Society, p. 451-471. 

A.A. Stuchebrukhov, Coupled electron and proton transfer reactions in proteins and computational challenges of membrane redox pumps. In Cundari, T. (ed.), Reviews in Computational Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2007) [Invited review article]. 

The F,Fo type of ATPases/ATP synthases is found in the inner bacterial, chloroplast, and mitochondrial membranes and catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (P,) by dissipation of the electrochemical gradient of H generated across these membranes by oriented redox pumps. Working in reverse, they are able to pump H. ... 

Primary active transport occurs when the transport of a substrate is coupled to an energy-yielding metabolic reaction. The energy required may come from several different sources (a) the high-energy compound ATP used by a specific ATPase (ATPase pump) (b) energy from the electron transport system released as electrons that flow down the cytochrome chain (redox-pump) and (c) the electric field produced by free radicals. Implicit in these three theories is the participation of ions and ion transport. Secondary active transport is a term often used to denote the transport of one substrate linked to the flow of a second substrate. Wilbrandt (1975) refers to this as flow-coupled active transport it may be this form of transport that is most often involved in the active uptake of sugars and amino acids. A review of some models of carrier-mediated active transport transport has recently been presented by Crane (1977). 

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