Redox exchange

The high surface charge on a micelle (10 volts/a or 300m-volts/micelle) can strongly participate in redox exchange reactions (11). For example, the equilibrium between anthraquinone sulfonate (AQS ) and duroquinone (DQ) and their reduced forms... 

Table 8.24 lists the main redox exchanges mediated by biological activity and their equilibrium constants at pH = 7. 

Fig. 3. Redox Exchange on an Irradiated Metallized Semiconductor Powder... 

Although it is clear that photoinduced redox exchange can occur efficiently at the surface of an irradiated semiconductor powder, this redox chemistry will not find extensive use unless it provides access to new chemical transformations which are inaccessible with conventional reagents or to an improved selectivity in multifunctional molecules or in mixtures of reagents. 

CNTs were also demonstrated to be a perfect support for cheap transition metal oxides of poor electrical conductivity, such as amorphous manganese oxide (a-Mn02 H20) [5,96], The pseudocapacitance properties of hydrous oxides are attributed to the redox exchange of protons and/or cations with the electrolyte as in Equation 8.13 for a-Mn02 H20 [97] ... 

Redox Exchange of Magnesium or Beryllium Metal with Organometallic Compounds... 

Microgram amounts of silver are separated on shaking an aqueous solution (about 1 M in HNO3) with mercury (redox exchange). Less noble metals e.g., Cu, Bi, Pb) remain in solution [21]. 

The Baldwin and Whitehead proposal [58] went on to suggest that the initial [4 + 2] adduct 119 can undergo redox exchange to give the pentacyclic intermediate 122 shown in Figure 3.6. Hydrolysis of the iminium ion functionality in 122 leads to a tetracyclic seco-skeleton containing an aldehyde functionality. The skeleton and aldehyde functionality present in the Baldwin and Whitehead tetracyclic intermediate 123 correspond exactly with the skeleton and aldehyde functional group placement in ircinals A (102) and B (103). Finally,... 

In Baldwin and Whitehead s pathway (Scheme 18), the intramolecular Diels-Alder cyclization of the bis-dihydropyridine intermediate 105a via isomerization to 105b gives iminium salt 106a. Redox exchange and hydrolysis of the resultant 106b affords aldehyde 108. Isolations of 103 and keramaphidin B (107) from... 

Gui, Z., Duay, J., Hu, J., Lee, S.B., 2014. Redox-exchange induced heterogeneous Ru02-conductive polymer nanowires. Phys. Ghem. Chem. Phys. 16,12332-12340. 

Redox exchange (hopping) rf-i Linear (low V) Strong, activated [162]... 

Concanavalin A (Con A), immobilized on solid-support, a bis-maimoside stracture was selected. Generation of the library was performed at neutral to slightly basic pH, where the redox exchange is rapid, and the exchange could efficiently be stopped by lowering the pH. 

Electronic conductivity of poly[tris(5,5 -bis[(3-acryl-l-propoxy)carbonyl]-2,2 -bi-pyridine)ruthenium(O)] was studied without any concomitant redox-exchange conduction by locking the polymer complex into a single oxidation state... 

The deposition of PtML is a two-step process. First, a Cu UPD layer is deposited in a CUSO4 solution via holding the potential positive to the bulk deposition for Cu. Then, after removing potential craitrol, the electrode is transferred in a Pt solution. Pt replaces the underpotentially deposited Cu by a simple redox exchange. A schematic diagram of the entire process is shown in Fig. 1. 

Allylic complexes of palladium can be used as a source of the allyl moiety to synthesize other metal -allylic complexes. Redox transmetallation to a Pt(0) complex leads to a platinum 77 -allyl derivative (Equation (44)). The reaction is easier when a cationic palladium allyl is used, and can be viewed as a nucleophilic attack of the Pt(0) complex to the allylic fragment. The transmetallation takes place with inversion of configuration of the allyl group. The same reaction occurs with Pd(0) complexes, a redox exchange with inversion of configuration of the allylic fragment. However, when a neutral palladium(ll) 77 -allyl complex is employed, the reaction leads to dimeric palladium(l) derivatives, as discussed before (Equation (41)). 

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