Recent Updates on Polyhydroxyalkanoates Biosynthesis

Wastewater comprises liquid waste discharged by households, industries and commercial establishments, and is typically collected through sewage pipes in municipal areas. Wastewater also contains chemicals and pathogens that can lead to serious negative impacts on the quality of the environment as well as human health if it is drained directly into major watershed without treatment [4,5]. The use of wastewater as a feedstock in the production of PHA has been proposed as a relevant approach in the shift from a petrochemical-based chemical industry towards a biobased one in order to decrease its manufacturing cost and environmental impact [6]. 

Chaleomrum and co-workers [11] attempted to study the potential of cassava starch wastewater (CSW) in the production of PHA using an SBR treatment system that was seeded with Bacillus tequilensis MSU 112, a PHA-producing bacterial strain, as there are very few articles available on the use of CSW and especially the use of a PHA 

Although the biosynthesis of PHA from wastewater offers an interesting alternative to the pure culture, high-cost sugar-based PHA production, the PHA yields reported are not yet comparable to the petrochemical counterparts. Integration and optimisation need to be considered further to improve the performance of wastewater fermentability in PHA production [6]. 

2 Biosynthesis of Poiyhydroxy a ikanoates using Plant Oiis and Waste Cooking Oiis 

Various plant oils such as soybean oil, palm oil and corn oil, as well as waste cooking oils, have been proven to be effective and desirable 

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