Reagent residues, explosion

Evaluation of chromatograms la 133ff Evaluation, peak area or height la 31,33,40 -, optical trains la 30, 39 Evipan la 339,343 Excitation to fluorescence la 10,12,20,37 Explosion resulting from reagent residues la 82,253,261,315,365 Explosives lb 49,244,407-409 Exposure to vapors la 86... 

Dinitrofluorobenzene (Sanger s reagent) [70-34-8] M 186.1, m 25-27 , b 133 /2mm, 140-141 /5mm, d 1.483. Crystd from ether or EtOH. Vacuum distd through a Todd Column (see p. 174). If it is to be purified by distn in vacuo, the distn unit must be allowed to cool before air is allowed into the apparatus otherwise the residue carbonises spontaneously and an EXPLOSION may occur. The material is a skin irritant and may cause serious dermatitis. 

The impure compound, present as a majority in the distillation residue from preparation of 1-diazoindene, will explode if the bath temperature exceeds 120°C [1], A polymer-bound sulfonyl azide reagent has been described as safer in use than the title compound [2], Distillation of the azide at 130-132 C/ 0.5 mbar from an oil bath at 145°C led to darkening, then violent explosion of the 30-40% residue [3],... 

Chloroacetaldehyde was prepared by heating its crystalline polymer and collecting the distillate in ether. The ethereal solution was at once reacted with the acetylenic Grignard reagent according to the procedure described above. After removal of the ether, the reaction mixture was concentrated as far as possible with a water pump. The residue at this point contained tneso-divinylacetylene dichlorohydrin, CHaCl—CHOH—C=C—CHOH—CHjCl, and probably the d,l isomer. When distillation was attempted by heating the reaction mixture strongly, it decomposed in an explosive manner. 

Textile clothing static charges, 394 Theory without detailed thought, 394 Thermal explosions, 394 Thermal stability of reaction mixtures and systems, 394 Thermite reactions, 395 Thermochemistry and exothermic decomposition, 396 Thiatriazoles, 400 Thionoesters, 401 Thiophenoxides, 401 Thorium furnace residues, 401 Tollens reagent, 401 Toxic hazards, 402 Trialkylaluminiums, 402 Trialkylantimony halides, 403 Trialkylbismuths, 403... 

Runaway Reactions. Such reactions may not have the catastrophic severity of an explosion, but thermal runaway reactions can also be extremely destructive. The thermal runaway may not be in a reaction solution itself, but may occur as a result of say a condenser failing, leading to loss of solvent from the reactor such that the residue of reagents alone is now being subjected to heat. 

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