Tubular reactor helical

Figure 7. Monomer conversion vs, polymerization time in the helical tubular reactor laminar flow regime...

Figure 10. Monomer conversion rates as a function of emulsion Reynolds number for straight and helical tubular reactors...

This study demonstrates the principal possibility of hydrogen production in an outdoor photobioreactor (PhBR) incorporating a cyanobacterial mutant of Anabaena variabilis (PK84) under aerobic conditions. A computer-controlled helical tubular PhBR was operated over 4 summer months. A maximum rate of 80 mL H2 per hr per reactor volume (4.35 L) was obtained on a bright day (400 W m 2) from a batch culture. Also the culture was grown in chemostat mode at dilution rate D of 0.02 h 1. The maximum efficiency of conversion of light to chemical energy of H2 in the PhBR was 0.33% and 0.14% on a cloudy and a sunny day, respectively. 

Figure 11. Hypothetical conversion as a function of Reynolds number in helically coiled tubular reactors...

The maximum rate of polymerization has been confirmed to occur at the laminar-turbulent flow transition. The rate of polymerization was observed to be maximum at the transition for both straight reactors as well as for the helically-coiled reactor for which the transition is at a Reynolds number higher than that of the straight tube. The helically coiled tubular reactor is of industrial interest since it is much more compact and, consequently, the cost and the temperature control problems are more tractable. 

The work reported here used a tubular reactor of approx. 2.5 cm id and 150 meters in length. The reactor, lined with a fluorinated polymer, was coiled in a helical shape. The recipe employed standard concentrations of initiator and emulsifier. 

Figure 5. Tubular reactor equipped with a helical agitator for the photochlorination of PVC in liquid chlorine [2, 3,21],...

Two-phase tubular reactors offer opportunities for temperature control, accommodate wide ranges of T and P, and approach plug flow, and the high velocities prevent settling of slurries or accumulations on the walls. Mixing of the phases may be improved by helical... 

Tijssen, R. Axial dispersion and flow phenomena in helically coiled tubular reactors for flow analysis and chromatography. Anal. Chim. Acta 1980, 114, 71. 

The geometrical form of the tubing from which the FIA reactor is made has a distinct influence on the solute dispersion, as seen in Fig. 2.10. The reason is that helical coiling, or irregular knitting of the tubular conduit. 

R. Tijssen, Axial Dispersion and Flow Phenomena in Helically Coiled Tubular Reactors for Flow Analysis and Chromatography. Anal. Chim. Acta, 114 (1980) 71. 

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