Reactivity of Cyclic Alkylene Carbonates

For example, EC yields polymers containing blocks of poly-ethers and polycarbonates. due to the partial elimination of C02 [246], while its hydrolysis produces high-purity 1,2-diols. Furthermore, CCs react readily with carboxylic acids to form 2-hydroxyethyl esters [177, 247, 248]. 

Recently, a method for the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones and 2-imidazolidinones from five-membered CCs and 3-amino alcohols or 1,2-diamines using Br Ph3+P-PEGSoo-P+Ph3Br as a homogeneous recyclable catalyst has been described [259] (Equation 7.29). 

The ring-opening polymerization does not occur easily in fact, many reports have indicated that the ring-opening process requires an anionic species, followed by propagation during which an ether linkage may be formed due to the loss of C02 [261], 

The cyclic alkylene carbonates have also been applied as the cure-accelerators of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) [262-266] and sodium silicate [267] resin systems, which are widely used in foundry sand and wood binder applications. 

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