Reactive Transport Model SMART

Beside the presentation of the SMART concept, the objectives of this paper are (i) to examine how organic contaminant transport is influenced by properties of natural aquifer material and (ii) to show how surfactants may enhance the remediation of sites contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This is done in an exemplary way by applying the transport model to a simplified field-scale remediation scenario where Phenanthrene (PHE) and the non-ionic surfactant Terrasurf G50 (TG50) are considered as solutes. 

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SMART is applicable if integral information on contaminant behaviour in groundwater is sufficient. If point information is needed a conventional FD or FE model has to be used. Although it is obvious that the streamtube approach is not as flexible as real 3D models , decoupling of conservative transport and physico-chemical processes allow to model three-dimensional contaminant transport in a convenient and computationally efficient way, especially if only one representative streamtube must be modelled. Computation times, as observed by Peter et al. (chapter 14) are much lower compared to MT3D simulations. It should also be mentioned, that the streamtube approach possesses some advantages compared to real 3D models even if each and every streamtube has to be modelled by means of a numerical model in order to evaluate F. Since only one dimensional advective-reactive transport must be modelled, numerical solutions based on discrete or mechanistical approaches, free of numerical dispersion, can be applied. In SMART this is done by a so-called parceltracking approach where contaminant transport is described by means of a continuous series of water volumes ( parcels ) as described in Finkel et al. (1998). 

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