Reactive nitrogen species, muscle

Not all data confirm accumulation of protein oxidation products with age. For example, comparison of 9-month-old and 24-month-old female Long-Evans/Wistar hybrid rats did not demonstrate any age-related increase of o-tyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine in the heart, skeletal muscle, and liver. These observations were interpreted as indications suggesting that proteins damaged by the hydroxyl radical and reactive nitrogen species did not accumulate in these tissues with advancing age (L7). Dityrosine could not be detected in human plasma proteins or haemoglobin (with the detection limit of 1 pmol/mg protein) (D3), but may accumulate in... 

Figure 2 Potential relationships between NAD(P)H-derived ROS, redox systems, and signaling mechanisms regulated by PO2 in vascular smooth muscle. LDH, lactate dehydrogenase GSH red, glutathione reductase GSH Px, glutathione peroxidase RNS, reactive nitrogen species SOD, superoxide dismutases sGC, soluble guanylate cyclase MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases.

Wolin MS, Hinize TH, Shen W, Mohazzab-H KM, Xie YW. Involvement of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in signalling mechanisms that control tissue respiration in muscle. Biochem Soc Trans 1997 25 934—939. 

Jackson, M. J. (2005). Use of microdialysis to study interstitial nitric oxide and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in skeletal muscle methods in enzymology. In E. C.Lester Packer (Ed.) Nitric Oxide, Part E. Academic, pp. 514-525. 

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