Railway track ballast

Railways tracks are supported by granular material called ballast . The application of geosynthetics in railways is therefore somewhat similar to unpaved roads and can be considered basically in two categories ... 

Indiaratna, B., Nimbalkar, S.S., 2013. The role of geosynthetics in improving the behaviour of ballasted rail track. In Venkatappa Rio, G. (Ed.), Geosynthetics in Railway Track. Central Board of Irrigation and Power, India, pp. 59—85. 

Train load according to European Standard EN 1991-2 Eurocode 1, Section 6, Rail traffic actions and other actions specifically for railway bridges and approaches. Section 6 of Eurocode EN1991-2 describes a 4-point load each 250 kN center-to-center 1.6 m. 0.8 m from each point load to total live load of 80 kN/m per track. Effective width is 3 m on 0.7 m depth (base ballast bed). This equals a maximum traffic load of 52kN/m. Due to spreading of the load in the... 

The essence of railway dynamics is the transfer of forces at the wheel rail interface. The energy from the motion of the train is taken up as elastic deformation in the track structure consisting of the rail, sleepers, dry crust, ballast and soil. The elastic response in the ground depends both in magnitude and characteristics on a number of parameters, e.g. train mass, suspension parameters, train geometry, rail irregularities and soil material characteristics (Ching, 2004). 

Rail and track (39%). The causes under this category are caused by or along the railway line, including the ballast, sleepers, switches, and objects placed on or close to the track. The category also includes work on the track (e.g., maintenance and shunter actions). 

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